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Abū Bakr al-Rāzī et le signe : fragment retrouvé d'un traité logique perdu
- Source :
- Arabic Sciences and Philosophy, Arabic Sciences and Philosophy, 2017, Arabic Sciences and Philosophy, Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2017
- Publication Year :
- 2017
- Publisher :
- HAL CCSD, 2017.
-
Abstract
- This article argues that a fragment from a lost treatise by Abū Bakr al-Rāzī (d. 925) is preserved in theBook on Morphology Kitāb al-Taṣrīf) by Ps-Ǧābir ibn Ḥayyān. Paul Kraus reached the conclusion that the collection to which this book belongs was written between the end of the ninth and the beginning of the tenth century AD. This fragment represents the first attempt – to our knowledge – to analyze the logical structure of sign-based inference in Arabic, which is known asistidlāl bi-al-šāhid ʿalā al-ġāʾibamong theologians and philosophers. The author distinguishes between sign-inferences based on homogeneity (al-muǧānasa), course of habit (maǧrā al-ʿāda) and traces (āṯār). After providing a translation of the fragment, the first part of this paper argues that its author is Abū Bakr al-Rāzī. My argument is based on a comparison between this text and a passage from theDoubts About Galen, which is also by Abū Bakr al-Rāzī. I hypothesize that at least two other fragments from the same work or from different works by Abū Bakr al-Rāzī are preserved in the corpus attributed to Ps-Ǧābir. The second part of the paper aims to reconstruct Abū Bakr al-Rāzī’s theory of sign-inference. In so doing, I show the historical influence that Hellenistic debates on sign-inference might have had on al-Rāzī, and I situate al-Rāzī’s theory in the context of the prominent use that the theologians of thekalāmmade of theistidlāl bi-al-šāhid ʿalā al-ġāʾib. To offer a more comprehensive reconstruction of al-Rāzī’s theory of sign-inference, this article compares the critical approach presented in the newly identified fragment with the epistemological framework outlined in theDoubts About Galen.Finally, this article shows that Abū Bakr al-Rāzī’s theory of sign-inference had a strong influence on al-Fārābī’s logical developments especially in hisEpitome of the Prior Analytics, even if he does not acknowledge this intellectual debt.
- Subjects :
- Literature
History
060103 classics
Critical approach
Arabic
business.industry
Philosophy
[SHS.PHIL]Humanities and Social Sciences/Philosophy
Sign (semiotics)
Context (language use)
06 humanities and the arts
Epitome
0603 philosophy, ethics and religion
language.human_language
[SHS.PHIL] Humanities and Social Sciences/Philosophy
History and Philosophy of Science
Fragment (logic)
Abū Bakr al-Rāzī - signe - induction - théologie - Ǧābir ibn Ḥayyān - philosophie arabe
Argument
060302 philosophy
language
0601 history and archaeology
business
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- French
- ISSN :
- 09574239 and 14740524
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Arabic Sciences and Philosophy, Arabic Sciences and Philosophy, 2017, Arabic Sciences and Philosophy, Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2017
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....231826c960f416a93940ba1e62b14342