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Nitroprusside single-dose prevents the psychosis-like behavior induced by ketamine in rats for up to one week
- Source :
- Repositório Institucional da USP (Biblioteca Digital da Produção Intelectual), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), instacron:USP
- Publication Year :
- 2015
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2015.
-
Abstract
- Recently, we found a rapid and long-lasting improvement of symptoms in schizophrenic patients on antipsychotics after a single four-hour infusion of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nitric oxide (NO) donor with a short half-life. This improvement persisted for up to 4 weeks. Because these patients remained on antipsychotics after infusion of SNP was finished, the question arises about whether this improvement was due to SNP itself. We have now investigated whether SNP, alone, can produce preventive antipsychotic effects in rats treated with ketamine (KET). 56 adult rats divided into 7 groups were infused with SNP 4 mg/kg, KET 25 mg/kg, or saline as follows: group1 — saline, group2 — SNP, group3 — KET, group4 — KET 12 h after SNP, group5 — KET 1 day after SNP, group6 — KET 2 days after SNP, and group7 — KET 1 week after SNP. The animals were filmed in an open field arena for 30 min and the videos were later analyzed by ANY-Maze software to measure activity and stereotypy. SNP significantly prevented the emergence of hyperactivity induced by KET when it was administered for up to 1 week before KET, and prevented the emergence of stereotypies when it was administered for up to 1 day before KET. These findings in rats, which have an even faster metabolic rate than humans, suggest that the long-lasting effects observed in our clinical trial with SNP in humans could have been due to SNP itself, and indicate for the first time that SNP may present preventive antipsychotic effects.
- Subjects :
- Male
Nitroprusside
Psychosis
Time Factors
Rotation
medicine.medical_treatment
Video Recording
Motor Activity
Pharmacology
Open field
Random Allocation
Stereotypy
medicine
Animals
SNP
Nitric Oxide Donors
Ketamine
Rats, Wistar
Antipsychotic
ANTIPSICÓTICOS
Saline
Biological Psychiatry
business.industry
medicine.disease
Disease Models, Animal
Psychiatry and Mental health
Treatment Outcome
Psychotic Disorders
Anesthesia
Sodium nitroprusside
Stereotyped Behavior
medicine.symptom
business
Software
Antipsychotic Agents
medicine.drug
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 09209964
- Volume :
- 162
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Schizophrenia Research
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....2168f3b7ca751720a3efc3b2ef4aa6ad