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Frailty and sarcopenia as the basis for the phenotypic manifestation of chronic diseases in older adults
- Source :
- Molecular aspects of medicine. 50
- Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Frailty is a functional status that precedes disability and is characterized by decreased functional reserve and increased vulnerability. In addition to disability, the frailty phenotype predicts falls, institutionalization, hospitalization and mortality. Frailty is the consequence of the interaction between the aging process and some chronic diseases and conditions that compromise functional systems and finally produce sarcopenia. Many of the clinical manifestations of frailty are explained by sarcopenia which is closely related to poor physical performance. Reduced regenerative capacity, malperfusion, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation compose the sarcopenic skeletal muscle alterations associated to the frailty phenotype. Inflammation appears as a common determinant for chronic diseases, sarcopenia and frailty. The strategies to prevent the frailty phenotype include an adequate amount of physical activity and exercise as well as pharmacological interventions such as myostatin inhibitors and specific androgen receptor modulators. Cell response to stress pathways such as Nrf2, sirtuins and klotho could be considered as future therapeutic interventions for the management of frailty phenotype and aging-related chronic diseases.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty
Aging
Sarcopenia
Frail Elderly
Clinical Biochemistry
Inflammation
Myostatin
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Bioinformatics
Biochemistry
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Physical medicine and rehabilitation
medicine
Animals
Humans
Muscle, Skeletal
Molecular Biology
Klotho
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
biology
business.industry
General Medicine
medicine.disease
Phenotype
Functional system
Adaptation, Physiological
Androgen receptor
Oxidative Stress
030104 developmental biology
Organ Specificity
Chronic Disease
biology.protein
Molecular Medicine
Cytokines
Functional status
Disease Susceptibility
medicine.symptom
Inflammation Mediators
business
Metabolic Networks and Pathways
Signal Transduction
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 18729452
- Volume :
- 50
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Molecular aspects of medicine
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....20f62ede53418a95e51917b312a4077d