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Bacterial Communities Involved in Soil Formation and Plant Establishment Triggered by Pyrite Bioweathering on Arctic Moraines
- Source :
- Microbial ecology 61 (2011): 438–447. doi:10.1007/s00248-010-9758-7, info:cnr-pdr/source/autori:Mapelli, F (Mapelli, Francesca)[ 1 ] ; Marasco, R (Marasco, Ramona)[ 1 ] ; Rizzi, A (Rizzi, Agostino)[ 2 ] ; Baldi, F (Baldi, Franco)[ 3 ] ; Ventura, S (Ventura, Stefano)[ 4 ] ; Daffonchio, D (Daffonchio, Daniele)[ 1 ] ; Borin, S (Borin, Sara)[ 1 ]/titolo:Bacterial communities involved in soil formation and plant establishment triggered by pyrite bioweathering on arctic moraines/doi:10.1007%2Fs00248-010-9758-7/rivista:Microbial ecology/anno:2011/pagina_da:438/pagina_a:447/intervallo_pagine:438–447/volume:61
- Publication Year :
- 2010
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2010.
-
Abstract
- In arctic glacier moraines, bioweathering primed by microbial iron oxidizers creates fertility gradients that accelerate soil development and plant establishment. With the aim of investigating the change of bacterial diversity in a pyrite-weathered gradient, we analyzed the composition of the bacterial communities involved in the process by sequencing 16S rRNA gene libraries from different biological soil crusts (BSC). Bacterial communities in three BSC of different morphology, located within 1 m distance downstream a pyritic conglomerate rock, were significantly diverse. The glacier moraine surrounding the weathered site showed wide phylogenetic diversity and high evenness with 15 represented bacterial classes, dominated by Alphaproteobacteria and pioneer Cyanobacteria colonizers. The bioweathered area showed the lowest diversity indexes and only nine bacterial families, largely dominated by Acidobacteriaceae and Acetobacteraceae typical of acidic environments, in accordance with the low pH of the BSC. In the weathered BSC, iron-oxidizing bacteria were cultivated, with counts decreasing along with the increase of distance from the rock, and nutrient release from the rock was revealed by environmental scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray analyses. The vegetated area showed the presence of Actinomycetales, Verrucomicrobiales, Gemmatimonadales, Burkholderiales, and Rhizobiales, denoting a bacterial community typical of developed soils and indicating that the lithoid substrate of the bare moraine was here subjected to an accelerated colonization, driven by iron-oxidizing activity.
- Subjects :
- DNA, Bacterial
Microbial iron oxidizers
Iron
Acidobacteriaceae
Soil Science
Sulfides
Soil
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
Botany
Ice Cover
Phylogeny
Soil Microbiology
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Gene Library
geography
geography.geographical_feature_category
Bacteria
Ecology
biology
Arctic Regions
Alphaproteobacteria
Glacier
Biodiversity
biology.organism_classification
Burkholderiales
Phylogenetic diversity
Arctic glacier moraines
Arctic
Moraine
Soil water
Species evenness
Oxidation-Reduction
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 1432184X and 00953628
- Volume :
- 61
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Microbial Ecology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....201225c1420ee6c7de13c79918476f96