Transcriptomic Characterization of Odorant Binding Proteins in Cacia cretifera thibetana and Their Association with Different Host Emitted Volatiles

Simple Summary The odorant binding proteins (OBPs) interact with host chemical compounds to elicit olfactory responses. Transcriptome analysis of six different tissues of male and female Cacia cretifera thibetana was performed to unravel the interaction of OBPs with host compounds. In both sexes, differentially expressed genes were associated with the KEGG pathways such as cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism, choline metabolism in cancer, and the chemokine signaling pathway. The expression of 11 out of 31 OBPs were confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR and seven were found to be specifically expressed in antennae. CcreOBP6 and CcreOBP10 showed strong affinity for terpineol and trans-2-hexenal exhibiting their potential role as an attractant or repellent to control C. cretifera thibetana. Abstract This study characterized the transcriptome of Cacia cretifera thibetana and explored odorant binding proteins (OBPs) and their interaction with host-specific compounds. A total of 36 samples from six different organs including antennae, head, thorax, abdomen, wings, and legs (12 groups with 3 replicates per group) from both male and female insects were collected for RNA extraction. Transcriptomic analysis revealed a total of 89,897 transcripts as unigenes, with an average length of 1036 bp. Between male and female groups, 31,095 transcripts were identified as differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The KEGG pathway analysis revealed 26 DEGs associated with cutin, suberine, and wax biosynthesis and 70, 48, and 62 were linked to glycerophospholipid metabolism, choline metabolism in cancer, and chemokine signaling pathways, respectively. A total of 31 OBP genes were identified. Among them, the relative expression of 11 OBP genes (OBP6, 10, 12, 14, 17, 20, 22, 26, 28, 30, and 31) was confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR in different tissues. Seven OBP genes including CcreOBP6 and CcreOBP10 revealed antennae-specific expression. Further, we selected two OBPs (CcreOBP6 and CcreOBP10) for functional analysis to evaluate their binding affinity with 20 host odorant compounds. The CcreOBP6 and CcreOBP10 exhibited strong binding affinities with terpineol and trans-2-hexenal revealing their potential as an attractant or repellent for controlling C. cretifera thibetana.