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Synergistic Effect of Repolarization of M2 to M1 Macrophages Induced by Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Combined with Lactate Oxidase
- Source :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences, International Journal of Molecular Sciences; Volume 22; Issue 24; Pages: 13346, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 13346, p 13346 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Metabolic reprogramming of tumors with the accompanying reprogramming of glucose metabolism and production of lactate accumulation is required for the subsequent development of tumors. Recent evidence has indicated that tumor-secreted lactate can promote an oncolytic immune microenvironment within the tumor. Furthermore, tumor-secreted lactate directly induces polarization of tumor-supportive M2 macrophages. However, oxidized tumor-secreted lactate in the tumor microenvironment can be exploited. Iron oxide nanoparticles have shown promising anticancer potential by activating tumor-suppressing macrophages. Furthermore, lactate oxidase (LOX) generally oxidizes tumor-secreted lactate and subsequently converts to pyruvate. Particularly, the ratio of M2 macrophages to M1 macrophages corresponds with tumor growth. In this study, we present iron oxide nanoparticles with carboxylic acid combined with LOX that enhance antitumor efficacy as a synergistic effect on the repolarization of tumor-supportive M2 macrophages to tumor-suppressive M1 macrophages in a tumor microenvironment. After M2 macrophages treated with iron oxide nanoparticles were combined with LOX, the ratio of M1 macrophages was significantly greater than iron oxide nanoparticles alone or with LOX alone. It is concluded that the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation by ratio of M1 macrophages was observed. This study suggests that the iron oxide nanoparticles combined with LOX could be potentially used for potentiating immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies for cancer treatment.
- Subjects :
- QH301-705.5
macrophage
lactate oxidase
Catalysis
Article
iron oxide nanoparticles
lactate
synergistic effect
Mixed Function Oxygenases
Inorganic Chemistry
Mice
Neoplasms
Tumor Microenvironment
Animals
Humans
Biology (General)
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
QD1-999
Molecular Biology
Spectroscopy
Macrophages
Organic Chemistry
General Medicine
Computer Science Applications
Chemistry
RAW 264.7 Cells
Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14220067
- Volume :
- 22
- Issue :
- 24
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- International journal of molecular sciences
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....1f4245f9223607bc7637b24030aa9099