Rehabilitation in scoliosis - an overview of the most important procedures

Husejko Jakub, Karło Aneta, Piątkowska Paula, Porada Mateusz, Kontowicz Marlena, Leśniak Zuzanna, Olszewski Bogusz, Łabędź Magdalena, Romaniuk Maciej, Kędziora - Kornatowska Kornelia. Rehabilitation in scoliosis - an overview of the most important procedures. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2019;9(7):378-389. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3346197 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/ The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 1223 (26/01/2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2019; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 01.07.2019. Revised: 05.07.2019. Accepted: 23.07.2019. Rehabilitation in scoliosis - an overview of the most important procedures Jakub Husejko1, Aneta Karło1, Paula Piątkowska2, Mateusz Porada1, MarlenaKontowicz1, Zuzanna Leśniak1, Bogusz Olszewski1, Magdalena Łabędź1, Maciej Romaniuk1, Kornelia Kędziora - Kornatowska1 Faculty of Health Sciences, Department and Clinic of Geriatrics, Nicolaus Copernicus University Department of Gastroenterology and Eating Disorders, Nicolaus Copernicus University Abstract Introduction: Scoliosis is defined as deformation of the spine and torso in three dimensions. Study show that scoliosis affects 68% of healthy individuals over 65 years of age with no low back pain. The aim of this article is to review the available scoliosis rehabilitation methods, including the newest physical rehabilitation trends. Material and methods: Articles in the Google Scholar, Pub Med database have been analysed using keywords: scoliosis, deformation of the spine and torso, modern methods of rehabilitation, older people. Results: After skeletal maturity, curves less than 30°do not progress, however most curves greater than 50°continue to progress with approximate change of 1°per year. Bracing is one of the most popular options of scoliosis treatment. Braces usage aims to slow the progression of the curve. However, complications resulting from the physical changes caused by the compression of the body and/or psychological effects due to the disturbance of the appearance while wearing the brace may occure. The Lehnert-Schroth three-plane corrective breath method principles are: a proper breathing technique where the ribs are used as levers and the breath is directed to the unstretched parts of lungs allowing correction of the curvature of the spine, and secondly activation of non-working muscles on the side of the concave curvature. Nevertheless, surgical procedure is advised for curves greater than 45° in immature patients and greater than 50° in mature patients. Conclusions: Scoliosis, defined as spinal and torso deformity in three planes. 80% of all cases of this postural defect are juvenile idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). However, degenerative scoliosis developed during the patient’s life due to the degeneration of the discs of the spine is frequent in people over the age of 65. It often limits daily functioning and can cause severe pain that requires medical intervention. It has been proven that properly selected systematic rehabilitation may lead to significant improvement in the spinal alignment. Nevertheless, in severe cases surgical treatment may be necessary. Keywords: scoliosis, deformation of the spine and torso, modern methods of rehabilitation, older people