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Effects of differing withdrawal times from ractopamine hydrochloride on residue concentrations of beef muscle, adipose tissue, rendered tallow, and large intestine
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 12, p e0242673 (2020)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Ractopamine hydrochloride (RAC) is a beta-agonist approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a medicated feed ingredient for cattle during the final days of finishing to improve feed efficiency and growth. Maximum residue limits and U.S. FDA residue tolerances for target tissues have defined management practices around RAC usage in the U.S. However, many countries have adopted zero tolerance policies and testing of off-target tissues, presenting a major challenge for international export. Therefore, the objective this study was to determine the necessary withdrawal time among cattle group-fed RAC to achieve residue concentrations below tolerance levels in muscle and off-target tissues. Specifically, both total and parent RAC residues were quantified in muscle, adipose tissue, rendered tallow, and large intestines from animals group-fed RAC and subjected to withdrawal 2, 4, or 7 days before harvest. Ractopamine (parent and total) residues were below the assay limit of detection (< 0.12 ng/g) in all muscle and adipose tissue samples from animals in control groups (no RAC). However, RAC residues were detectable, but below the limit of quantitation, in 40% of tallow and 17% of large intestine samples from control animals. As expected, mean RAC residue concentrations in muscle, adipose tissue, and large intestine samples decreased (P< 0.05) as the RAC withdrawal duration (days) was extended. Irrespective of RAC withdrawal duration, mean parent RAC residue concentrations in muscle, adipose tissue, and large intestine ranged from 0.33 to 0.76 ng/g, 0.16 to 0.26 ng/g, 3.97 to 7.44 ng/g, respectively and all tallow samples were > 0.14 ng/g (detectable but below the limit of quantitation). Results of this study provide a baseline for the development of management protocol recommendations associated with withdrawal following group-feeding of RAC to beef cattle in countries that allow RAC use and intend to export to global markets which may be subject to zero tolerance policies and off-target tissue testing.
- Subjects :
- Adipose tissue
Withdrawal time
Beef cattle
Mass Spectrometry
Analytical Chemistry
Fats
chemistry.chemical_compound
Ingredient
Spectrum Analysis Techniques
Tallow
Animal Products
Limit of Detection
Medicine and Health Sciences
Animal Management
Mammals
Liquid Chromatography
Multidisciplinary
Muscles
Chromatographic Techniques
Eukaryota
Agriculture
Ruminants
Muscle Analysis
Ractopamine
Chemistry
medicine.anatomical_structure
Bioassays and Physiological Analysis
Adipose Tissue
Connective Tissue
Vertebrates
Physical Sciences
Medicine
Anatomy
Beef
Research Article
Muscle tissue
Meat
Livestock
Science
Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Muscle Tissue
Research and Analysis Methods
Feed conversion ratio
Animal science
Bovines
Phenethylamines
medicine
Animals
Intestine, Large
Least-Squares Analysis
Nutrition
Organisms
Biology and Life Sciences
Drug Residues
Large Intestine
Diet
Gastrointestinal Tract
Red Meat
Biological Tissue
chemistry
Food
Amniotes
Cattle
Digestive System
Zoology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19326203
- Volume :
- 15
- Issue :
- 12
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLoS ONE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....1ca23a0bc680e02eca220afd80d6e5d2