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The influence of high versus low sodium intake on blood pressure and haemodynamics in patients with morbid obesity
- Source :
- Journal of hypertension. 31(11)
- Publication Year :
- 2013
-
Abstract
- Background Many patients with morbid obesity (BMI > 40 kg/m) have hypertension. The complex pathophysiological abnormalities linking hypertension to obesity have not been fully clarified, but abnormal sodium handling could be an important mechanism. Method Therefore, we examined changes in body fluid compartments and haemodynamic responses (at rest and during exercise) after 5 days of a low-sodium diet (90 mmol/day) and 5 days of a high-sodium diet (250 mmol/day) in 12 morbidly obese, hypertensive patients; 12 morbidly obese, normotensive patients and 12 nonobese controls. Results High sodium intake as compared to low sodium intake was associated with an increase in plasma volume (obese, hypertensive patients: 5 ± 4%; obese, normotensive patients: 10 ± 11%; nonobese controls: 7 ± 6%), cardiac output (CO) (obese, hypertensive patients: 17 ± 12%; obese, normotensive patients: 20 ± 16%; nonobese controls: 13 ± 14%) and stroke volume (SV) (obese, hypertensive patients: 27 ± 26%; obese, normotensive patients: 27 ± 24%; nonobese controls: 18 ± 27%) in all three groups with no differences between the groups. Despite an increase in CO during high salt intake, 24-h blood pressure (BP) was unchanged in patients and controls as a result of a reduction in total peripheral resistance (obese, hypertensive patients: -11 ± 11%; obese, normotensive patients: -10 ± 12%; nonobese controls: -5 ± 14%). Similar changes were observed during an incremental bicycle exercise test wherein CO and SV were higher, whereas mean arterial BP was unchanged at each exercise level during high sodium intake. Conclusion Despite substantial increases in CO and SV, we did not observe any significant change in BP during high sodium intake, neither in morbid obese patients nor in lean individuals.
- Subjects :
- Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Cardiac output
Physiology
Rest
Hemodynamics
Blood Pressure
Internal medicine
Internal Medicine
Medicine
Humans
Exercise physiology
Cardiac Output
Exercise
business.industry
Sodium, Dietary
Fluid compartments
Stroke volume
Diet, Sodium-Restricted
medicine.disease
Obesity
Obesity, Morbid
Blood pressure
Endocrinology
Hypertension
Female
Vascular Resistance
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
business
Low sodium
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14735598
- Volume :
- 31
- Issue :
- 11
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of hypertension
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....1c5f7ec510f6d5571af9f3c20baef975