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A systems map of the determinants of child health inequalities in England at the local level
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 2, p e0245577 (2021), Jessiman, P E, Powell, K, Williams, P, Fairbrother, H, Crowder, M, Williams, J G & Kipping, R 2021, ' A systems map of the determinants of child health inequalities in England at the local level ', PLoS ONE, vol. 16, no. 2, e0245577 . https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245577, PLoS ONE
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2021.
-
Abstract
- Children and young people in the UK have worse health outcomes than in many similar western countries and child health inequalities are persistent and increasing. Systems thinking has emerged as a promising approach to addressing complex public health issues. We report on a systems approach to mapping the determinants of child health inequalities at the local level in England for young people aged 0–25, and describe the resulting map. Qualitative group concept mapping workshops were held in two contrasting English local authorities with a range of stakeholders: professionals (N = 35); children and young people (N = 33) and carers (N = 5). Initial area maps were developed, and augmented using data from qualitative interviews with professionals (N = 16). The resulting local maps were reviewed and validated by expert stakeholders in each area (N = 9; N = 35). Commonalities between two area-specific system maps (and removal of locality-specific factors) were used to develop a map that could be applied in any English local area. Two rounds of online survey (N = 21; N = 8) experts in public health, local governance and systems science refined the final system map displaying the determinants of child health inequalities. The process created a map of over 150 factors influencing inequalities in health outcomes for children aged 0–25 years at the local area level. The system map has six domains; physical environment, governance, economic, social, service, and personal. To our knowledge this is the first study taking a systems approach to addressing inequalities across all aspects of child health. The study shows how group concept mapping can support systems thinking at the local level. The resulting system map illustrates the complexity of factors influencing child health inequalities, and it may be a useful tool in demonstrating to stakeholders the importance of policies that tackle the systemic drivers of child health inequalities beyond those traditionally associated with public health.
- Subjects :
- Male
Social Sciences
Surveys
Pediatrics
Geographical locations
Families
0302 clinical medicine
Sociology
Medicine and Health Sciences
Public and Occupational Health
Systems thinking
030212 general & internal medicine
Child
Children
Qualitative Research
Multidisciplinary
Child and Adolescent Health Policy
Health Policy
Child Health
Public relations
Europe
Group concept mapping
England
Research Design
Child, Preschool
Systems science
Medicine
Workshops
Female
Public Health
Behavioral and Social Aspects of Health
Research Article
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty
Adolescent
Science
Public policy
030209 endocrinology & metabolism
Research and Analysis Methods
Education
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
medicine
Humans
European Union
Healthcare Disparities
Health policy
Survey Research
Health Care Policy
Local Government
business.industry
Public health
Infant, Newborn
Infant
Health Status Disparities
United Kingdom
Health Care
Socioeconomic Factors
Age Groups
Local government
People and Places
Population Groupings
business
Qualitative research
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19326203
- Volume :
- 16
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLOS ONE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....1c5f6344ecf12e0b70f63a7bd4a30a18