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Syndecan-1 Is Required for Robust Growth, Vascularization, and Metastasis of Myeloma Tumors in Vivo*
- Publication Year :
- 2009
- Publisher :
- American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2009.
-
Abstract
- Myeloma tumors are characterized by high expression of syndecan-1 (CD138), a heparan sulfate proteoglycan present on the myeloma cell surface and shed into the tumor microenvironment. High levels of shed syndecan-1 in the serum of patients are an indicator of poor prognosis, and numerous studies have implicated syndecan-1 in promoting the growth and progression of this cancer. In the present study we directly addressed the role of syndecan-1 in myeloma by stable knockdown of its expression using RNA interference. Knockdown cells that were negative for syndecan-1 expression became apoptotic and failed to grow in vitro. Knockdown cells expressing syndecan-1 at approximately 28% or approximately 14% of normal levels survived and grew well in vitro but formed fewer and much smaller subcutaneous tumors in mice compared with tumors formed by cells expressing normal levels of syndecan-1. When injected intravenously into mice (experimental metastasis model), knockdown cells formed very few metastases as compared with controls. This indicates that syndecan-1 may be required for the establishment of multi-focal metastasis, a hallmark of this cancer. One mechanism of syndecan-1 action occurs via stimulation of tumor angiogenesis because tumors formed by knockdown cells exhibited diminished levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and impaired development of blood vessels. Together, these data indicate that the effects of syndecan-1 on myeloma survival, growth, and dissemination are due, at least in part, to its positive regulation of tumor-host interactions that generate an environment capable of sustaining robust tumor growth.
- Subjects :
- Male
animal structures
Glycobiology and Extracellular Matrices
Mice, SCID
Biology
Biochemistry
Syndecan 1
Metastasis
chemistry.chemical_compound
Mice
Cell Line, Tumor
Gene Knockdown Techniques
medicine
Animals
Humans
Neoplasm Metastasis
Molecular Biology
Melanoma
Gene knockdown
Tumor microenvironment
Neovascularization, Pathologic
Cancer
Cell Biology
medicine.disease
Neoplasm Proteins
Vascular endothelial growth factor
carbohydrates (lipids)
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
chemistry
embryonic structures
Cancer research
RNA Interference
Syndecan-1
Neoplasm Transplantation
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....1c2cb3dfb251d3705060bbed04d5a749