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Aldosterone and Mineralocorticoid Receptor System in Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology
- Source :
- Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Vol 2018 (2018), Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
- Publication Year :
- 2018
- Publisher :
- Hindawi Limited, 2018.
-
Abstract
- The mineralocorticoid hormone aldosterone (Aldo) has been intensively studied for its ability to influence both the physiology and pathophysiology of the cardiovascular system. Indeed, although research on Aldo actions for decades has mainly focused on its effects in the kidney, several lines of evidence have now demonstrated that this hormone exerts disparate extrarenal adverse effects, especially in the circulatory system. Accordingly, in the last lusters, a number of studies in preclinical models (in vitroandin vivo) and in humans have established that Aldo, following the interaction with its receptor—the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR)—is able to activate specific intracellular genomic and nongenomic pathways, thus regulating the homeostasis of the cardiovascular system. Importantly, through this mechanism of action, this hormone becomes a crucial regulator of the function and growth of different types of cells, including fibroblasts, cardiomyocytes, and vascular cells. For this main reason, it is plausible that when Aldo is present at high levels in the blood, it profoundly modifies the physiology of these cells, therefore being at the foundation of several cardiovascular disorders, such as heart failure (HF). On these grounds, in this review, we will provide an updated account on the current knowledge concerning Aldo activity in the cardiovascular system and the most recent preclinical studies and clinical trials designed to test better approaches able to counter the hyperactivity of the Aldo/MR signaling pathway in the setting of cardiovascular diseases.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Aging
endocrine system
Mineralocorticoid receptor
Review Article
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Bioinformatics
Cardiovascular System
Biochemistry
Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
Receptors
Animals
Humans
Medicine
lcsh:QH573-671
Receptor
Aldosterone
business.industry
lcsh:Cytology
Cell Biology
General Medicine
Receptors, Mineralocorticoid
Cardiovascular physiology
030104 developmental biology
Mineralocorticoid
chemistry
Signal transduction
business
Homeostasis
Hormone
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19420994 and 19420900
- Volume :
- 2018
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....1b6043dffb7c64441f675221d0edf99d