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Birth defects in a national cohort of pregnant women with HIV infection in Italy, 2001-2011
- Publication Year :
- 2013
-
Abstract
- Objective We used data from a national study of pregnant women with HIV to evaluate the prevalence of congenital abnormalities in newborns from women with HIV infection. Design Observational study. Setting University and hospital clinics. Population Pregnant women with HIV exposed to antiretroviral treatment at any time during pregnancy. Methods The total prevalence of birth defects was assessed on live births, stillbirths, and elective terminations for fetal anomaly. The associations between potentially predictive variables and the occurrence of birth defects were expressed as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for exposed versus unexposed cases, calculated in univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Main outcome measures Birth defects, defined according to the Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry criteria. Results A total of 1257 pregnancies with exposure at any time to antiretroviral therapy were evaluated. Forty-two cases with major defects were observed. The total prevalence was 3.2% (95% CI 1.9–4.5) for exposure to any antiretroviral drug during the first trimester (23 cases with defects) and 3.4% (95% CI 1.9–4.9) for no antiretroviral exposure during the first trimester (19 cases). No associations were found between major birth defects and first-trimester exposure to any antiretroviral treatment (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.51–1.75), main drug classes (nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.51–1.76; non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, OR 1.20, 95% CI 0.56–2.55; protease inhibitors, OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.43–1.95), and individual drugs, including efavirenz (prevalence for efavirenz, 2.5%). Conclusions This study adds further support to the assumption that first-trimester exposure to antiretroviral treatment does not increase the risk of congenital abnormalities.
- Subjects :
- Male
HIV Infections
transcriptase inhibitors
Cohort Studies
chemistry.chemical_compound
Pregnancy
Prevalence
Birth Weight
Young adult
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious
education.field_of_study
Obstetrics
Coinfection
Antiretroviral therapy
birth defects
efavirenz
HIV
non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
pregnancy
protease inhibitors
women
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Abnormalities, Drug-Induced
Middle Aged
Italy
Maternal Exposure
Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
Female
Cohort study
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty
Efavirenz
Adolescent
Anti-HIV Agents
Birth weight
Population
Antiretroviral Therapy
Birth defects
HIV-1
Young Adult
Hepatitis B, Chronic
medicine
Humans
education
business.industry
Infant, Newborn
Odds ratio
Hepatitis C, Chronic
medicine.disease
Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
Surgery
Pregnancy Trimester, First
chemistry
business
Subjects
Details
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....1b5c68e195fea7a0aca3fd4fbd299f7f