Continuous Glucose Monitoring-Guided Insulin Administration in Hospitalized Patients with Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: The efficacy and safety of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in adjusting inpatient insulin therapy has not been evaluated. Methods: This randomized trial included 185 general medicine and surgery patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes treated with a basal bolus insulin regimen. All subjects underwent point-of-care (POC) capillary glucose testing before meals and bedtime. Patients in the standard of care (POC group) wore a blinded Dexcom G6 CGM with insulin dose adjusted based on POC results; while in the CGM group, insulin adjustment was based on daily CGM profile. Primary endpoints were differences in time in range (TIR, 70-180 mg/dL) and hypoglycemia ( Results: There were no significant differences in TIR (54.51%±27.72 vs 48.64%±24.25, p=0.14), mean daily glucose (183.2±40 mg/dL vs 186.8±39 mg/dL, p=0.36), percent of patients with CGM values Conclusion: The inpatient use of real-time Dexcom G6 CGM is safe and effective in guiding insulin therapy resulting in a similar improvement in glycemic control and a significant reduction of recurrent hypoglycemic events compared to POC-guided insulin adjustment.