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Toward a Psychophysiology of Expertise
- Source :
- Journal of Psychophysiology. 20:253-258
- Publication Year :
- 2006
- Publisher :
- Hogrefe Publishing Group, 2006.
-
Abstract
- Gamma-band activity (GBA) bursts have been viewed as a signature for ignitions in localized Hebbian cell assemblies and are thought to indicate active memory. Using whole-head magnetoencephalography, we recorded focal bursts of GBA during chess playing. Unlike highly skilled chess grandmasters, with amateur chess players focal gamma bursts prevailed in deeper structures in the region of the medial temporal lobes. This observation is consistent with the interpretation of memory formation in amateur chess players. For the frontal and parietal cortex the relationship was reversed, with more frequent gamma bursts found in chess grandmasters, indicating that the retrieval of chunks from expert memory is based on the recruitment of these neocortical areas. The results suggest the possibility that time-dependent reorganization during the formation of expert memory can be studied in humans and support the theory that the medial temporal lobe and hippocampal formation play a transitional role during the creation of expert memory in the neocortex.
- Subjects :
- aptitude
gamma band
Physiology
chess
media_common.quotation_subject
education
expert memory
Posterior parietal cortex
Hippocampal formation
Temporal lobe
ddc:150
Active memory
medicine
chunks
giftedness
media_common
Communication
medicine.diagnostic_test
business.industry
General Neuroscience
Magnetoencephalography
Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology
Hebbian theory
Psychophysiology
Aptitude
business
Psychology
human activities
Neuroscience
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 21512124 and 02698803
- Volume :
- 20
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Psychophysiology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....1a62394495968bf52724c26b2eca063f