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The Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy Is an Independent Factor for the Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy
- Source :
- Journal of Clinical Medicine, Volume 10, Issue 1, Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 10, Iss 3, p 3 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2020.
-
Abstract
- (1) Background: It has rarely been studied whether the severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) could influence renal disease progression in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate renal disease progression in ESRD and CKD according to DR severity in patients with type 2 diabetes. (2) Methods: We included 1329 patients and divided the cohort into two end-points. The first was to trace the incidence of ESRD in all enrolled participants and the other was to follow their progression to CKD. (3) Results: Significantly higher crude hazard ratios (HRs) of ESRD incidence in all enrolled participants were noted, and this ratio increased in a stepwise fashion. However, after adjustment, DR severity was not associated with ESRD events. Therefore, a subgroup of 841 patients without CKD was enrolled to track their progression to CKD. Compared with no diabetic retinopathy, the progression of CKD increased in a stepwise fashion, from mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) to moderate NPDR, to severe NPDR and to proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), both in the crude and adjusted models. (4) Conclusions: The severity of retinopathy appeared to be associated with renal lesions and the development of CKD. Our findings suggest that the severity of DR is a risk factor for progression to CKD. Therefore, diabetic retinopathy is useful for prognosticating the clinical course of diabetic kidney disease.
- Subjects :
- medicine.medical_specialty
lcsh:Medicine
030209 endocrinology & metabolism
Type 2 diabetes
urologic and male genital diseases
Article
End stage renal disease
Diabetic nephropathy
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Internal medicine
medicine
030212 general & internal medicine
Risk factor
end-stage renal disease
business.industry
Hazard ratio
lcsh:R
General Medicine
Diabetic retinopathy
medicine.disease
female genital diseases and pregnancy complications
diabetic retinopathy
type 2 diabetes
progression
business
chronic kidney disease
Retinopathy
Kidney disease
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20770383
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Clinical Medicine
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....1948a0fb7e88a97a2762c04e9a49d61e
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10010003