Prognostic Factors, Survival Analyses and the Risk of Second Primary Cancer: A Population-Based Study on Burkitt Lymphoma/Leukemia

Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia (BL/L) is an aggressive oncohematological disease. This study evaluated the population-based prognosis and survival on BL/L as well as if BL/L behaved as a risk factor for the development of second primary cancers (SPCs) and if other first tumors behaved as risk factors for the occurrence of BL/L as an SPC. A retrospective cohort using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program (2008–2016) was performed. Kaplan–Meier, time-dependent covariate Cox regression and Poisson regression models were conducted. Overall, 3094 patients were included (median, 45 years
IQR, 22–62). The estimated overall survival was 65.4 months (95% CI, 63.6–67.3). Significantly more deaths occurred for older patients, black race, disease at an advanced stage, patients without chemotherapy/surgery and patients who underwent radiotherapy. Hodgkin lymphomas (nodal) (RR, 7.6 (3.9–15.0
p &lt
0.001)), Kaposi sarcomas (34.0 (16.8–68.9
0.001)), liver tumors (3.4 (1.2–9.3
p = 0.020)) and trachea, mediastinum and other respiratory cancers (15.8 (2.2–113.9
p = 0.006)) behaved as risk factors for the occurrence of BL/L as an SPC. BL/L was a risk factor for the occurrence of SPCs as acute myeloid leukemias (4.6 (2.1–10.4
0.001)), Hodgkin lymphomas (extranodal) (74.3 (10.0–549.8
0.001)) and Kaposi sarcomas (35.1 (12.1–101.4
0.001)). These results may assist the development of diagnostic and clinical recommendations for BL/L.