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Subtypes of inhibitory and reward activation associated with substance use variation in adolescence: A latent profile analysis of brain imaging data
- Source :
- Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021.
-
Abstract
- The present study aimed to identify subgroups based on inhibitory and reward activation, two key neural functions involved in risk-taking behavior, and then test the extent to which subgroup differences varied by age, sex, behavioral and familial risk, and substance use. Participants were 145 young adults (18–21 years old; 40.0% female) from the Michigan Longitudinal Study. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to establish subgroups using task-based brain activations. Demographic and substance use differences between subgroups were then examined in logistic regression analyses. Whole-brain task activations during a functional magnetic resonance imaging go/no-go task and monetary incentive delay task were used to identify beta weights as input for LPA modeling. A four-class model showed the best fit with the data. Subgroups were categorized as: (1) low inhibitory activation/moderate reward activation (39.7%), (2) moderate inhibitory activation/low reward activation (22.7%), (3) moderate inhibitory activation/high reward activation (25.2%), and (4) high inhibitory activation/high reward activation (12.4%). Compared to the other subgroups, Class 2 was older, less likely to have parental alcohol use disorder, and had less alcohol use. Class 4 was the youngest and had greater marijuana use. Classes 1 and 3 did not differ significantly from the other subgroups. These findings demonstrate that LPA applied to brain activations can be used to identify distinct neural profiles that may explain heterogeneity in substance use outcomes and may inform more targeted substance use prevention and intervention efforts.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
Oncology
medicine.medical_specialty
Longitudinal study
Adolescent
Substance-Related Disorders
Cognitive Neuroscience
Neuroimaging
Alcohol use disorder
Logistic regression
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Article
050105 experimental psychology
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
Behavioral Neuroscience
0302 clinical medicine
Reward
Internal medicine
medicine
Humans
0501 psychology and cognitive sciences
Longitudinal Studies
Young adult
medicine.diagnostic_test
05 social sciences
Brain
medicine.disease
Female
Substance use
Psychology
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 1531135X and 15307026
- Volume :
- 21
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....1746871c9dd10649aac551821a5d9c28