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Extraction of cellulose nano-crystals from old corrugated container fiber using phosphoric acid and enzymatic hydrolysis followed by sonication
- Source :
- Carbohydrate Polymers. 125:360-366
- Publication Year :
- 2015
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2015.
-
Abstract
- Due to its amazing physicochemical properties and high environmental compatibility, cellulose nano-crystals (CNC) hold great promise for serving as a strategic platform for sustainable development. Now, there has been growing interest in the development of processes using waste or residual biomass as CNC source for addressing economic and environmental concerns. In the present work, a combined process involving phosphoric acid hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis and sonication was proposed aiming to efficiently exact CNC from low-cost old corrugated container (OCC) pulp fiber. The effect of enzymatic hydrolysis on the yield and microstructure of resulting CNC was highlighted. Results showed that the enzymatic hydrolysis was effective in enhancing CNC yield after phosphoric acid hydrolysis. CNC was obtained with a yield of 23.98 wt% via the combined process with phosphoric acid concentration of 60 wt%, cellulase dosage of 2 mL (84 EGU) per 2g fiber and sonication intensity of 200 W. Moreover, the presence of enzymatic hydrolysis imparted the obtained CNC with improved dispersion, increased crystallinity and thermal stability.
- Subjects :
- Paper
Polymers and Plastics
Sonication
Cellulase
engineering.material
chemistry.chemical_compound
Hydrolysis
Enzymatic hydrolysis
Materials Chemistry
Organic chemistry
Phosphoric Acids
Recycling
Thermal stability
Cellulose
Phosphoric acid
biology
Pulp (paper)
Solid Phase Extraction
Organic Chemistry
chemistry
Chemical engineering
Biocatalysis
engineering
biology.protein
Nanoparticles
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 01448617
- Volume :
- 125
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Carbohydrate Polymers
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....15b9656d25d3267963d840a9de657e4f