A retrospective pathology study of two Neotropical deer species (1995-2015), Brazil: marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) and brown brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira)

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:27:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-06-01 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) This retrospective study describes the biological and epidemiological aspects, gross and microscopical findings, and most likely causes of death (CD) in two species of Neotropical deer in Brazil. The animals were collected between 1995 and 2015 and represented 75 marsh deer (MD) and 136 brown brocket deer (BBD). Summarized, pneumonia was diagnosed microscopically in 48 MD and 52 BBD; 76 deer suffered trauma, involving dog attack (14 BBD) and vehicle-collision (14 BBD). Pulmonary edema (50 MD; 55 BBD) and congestion (57 MD; 78 BBD) were the most common findings for both species. Additionally, we diagnosed ruminal and myocardial mycosis in MD and BBD, respectively; ovarian dysgerminoma and pancreatic trematodiasis in BBD; and lesions suggestive of malignant catarrhal fever and orbiviral hemorrhagic disease in both species. The main CD in MD was: respiratory (41/75), alimentary, nutritional, trauma and euthanasia (3/75 each). Correspondingly, in BBD were: trauma (34/131), respiratory (30/131) and euthanasia (9/131). Respiratory disease was often defined by pulmonary edema and pneumonia. We provide evidence that respiratory disease, mainly pneumonia, is a critical pathological process in these Neotropical deer species. Although no etiological agents were identified, there is evidence of bacterial and viral involvement. Our results show trauma, mainly anthropogenic, as a common ailment in BBD. We propose to prioritize respiratory disease in future research focused on South American deer health aspects. We believe anthropogenic trauma may be a primary threat for populations of BBD. Laboratory of Wildlife Comparative Pathology - LAPCOM School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences University of São Paulo Divisão Técnica de Medicina Veterinária e Manejo da Fauna Silvestre (DEPAVE-3) Deer Research and Conservation Center (NUPECCE) Department of Animal Science São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL) Centro de Patologia Laboratory of Morphological and Molecular Pathology School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences University of São Paulo Laboratory of Animal Models School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences University of São Paulo Deer Research and Conservation Center (NUPECCE) Department of Animal Science São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal CNPq: # 305349/2015-5 FAPESP: #2015/04231-2 FAPESP: #2017/02223-8