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Delta-24 adenoviral therapy for glioblastoma: evolution from the bench to bedside and future considerations

Authors :
Chibawanye I. Ene
Juan Fueyo
Frederick F. Lang
Source :
Neurosurgical focus. 50(2)
Publication Year :
2020

Abstract

Delta-24–based oncolytic viruses are conditional replication adenoviruses developed to selectively infect and replicate in retinoblastoma 1 (Rb)–deficient cancer cells but not normal cell with intact Rb1 pathways. Over the years, there has been a significant evolution in the design of Delta-24 based on a better understanding of the underlying basis for infection, replication, and spread within cancer. One example is the development of Delta-24-RGD (DNX-2401), where the arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD) domain enhances the infectivity of Delta-24 for cancer cells. DNX-2401 demonstrated objective biological and clinical responses during a phase I window of opportunity clinical trial for recurrent human glioblastoma. In long-term responders (> 3 years), there was evidence of immune infiltration (T cells and macrophages) into the tumor microenvironment with minimal toxicity. Although more in-depth analysis and phase III studies are pending, these results indicate that Delta-24–based adenovirus therapy may induce an antitumor response in glioblastoma, resulting in long-term antitumor immune response. In this review, the authors discuss the preclinical and clinical development of Delta-24 oncolytic adenoviral therapy for glioblastoma and describe structural improvements to Delta-24 that have enhanced its efficacy in vivo. They also highlight ongoing research that attempts to address the remaining obstacles limiting efficacy of Delta-24 adenovirus therapy for glioblastoma.

Details

ISSN :
10920684
Volume :
50
Issue :
2
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Neurosurgical focus
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....15980647282cb136d69536f12d5a8db5