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Susceptibility of Exopalaemon carinicauda to the Infection with Shrimp Hemocyte Iridescent Virus (SHIV 20141215), a Strain of Decapod Iridescent Virus 1 (DIV1)
- Source :
- Viruses, Volume 11, Issue 4, Viruses, Vol 11, Iss 4, p 387 (2019)
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2019.
-
Abstract
- In this study, ridgetail white prawns&mdash<br />Exopalaemon carinicauda&mdash<br />were infected per os (PO) with debris of Penaeus vannamei infected with shrimp hemocyte iridescent virus (SHIV 20141215), a strain of decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1), and via intramuscular injection (IM with raw extracts of SHIV 20141215. The infected E. carinicauda showed obvious clinical symptoms, including weakness, empty gut and stomach, pale hepatopancreas, and partial death with mean cumulative mortalities of 42.5% and 70.8% by nonlinear regression, respectively. Results of TaqMan probe-based real-time quantitative PCR showed that the moribund and surviving individuals with clinical signs of infected E. carinicauda were DIV1-positive. Histological examination showed that there were darkly eosinophilic and cytoplasmic inclusions, of which some were surrounded with or contained tiny basophilic staining, and pyknosis in hemocytes in hepatopancreatic sinus, hematopoietic cells, cuticular epithelium, etc. On the slides of in situ DIG-labeling-loop-mediated DNA amplification (ISDL), positive signals were observed in hematopoietic tissue, stomach, cuticular epithelium, and hepatopancreatic sinus of infected prawns from both PO and IM groups. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of ultrathin sections showed that icosahedral DIV1 particles existed in hepatopancreatic sinus and gills of the infected E. carinicauda from the PO group. The viral particles were also observed in hepatopancreatic sinus, gills, pereiopods, muscles, and uropods of the infected E. carinicauda from the IM group. The assembled virions, which mostly distributed along the edge of the cytoplasmic virogenic stromata near cellular membrane of infected cells, were enveloped and approximately 150 nm in diameter. The results of molecular tests, histopathological examination, ISDL, and TEM confirmed that E. carinicauda is a susceptible host of DIV1. This study also indicated that E. carinicauda showed some degree of tolerance to the infection with DIV1 per os challenge mimicking natural pathway.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Hemocytes
Cytoplasmic inclusion
Decapodiridovirus
lcsh:QR1-502
Biology
Injections, Intramuscular
Virus
lcsh:Microbiology
Article
susceptibility
Microbiology
ISDL
Iridovirus
03 medical and health sciences
Virology
Decapoda
Exopalaemon carinicauda
Animals
Penaeus
Cloning, Molecular
DIV1
Phylogeny
04 agricultural and veterinary sciences
biology.organism_classification
Staining
Shrimp
Basophilic
030104 developmental biology
Infectious Diseases
SHIV
host
Virus Diseases
040102 fisheries
0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries
Hepatopancreas
Disease Susceptibility
Pyknosis
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19994915
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Viruses
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....1386a920b7b59464af46eb4ef8b88242
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/v11040387