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The mammalian plasma membrane is defined by transmembrane asymmetries in lipid unsaturation, leaflet packing, and protein shape

Authors :
Edward Lyman
Ilya Levental
Joseph H. Lorent
Doktorova
G Rivera-Longsworth
E. Sezgin
Lakshmi Ganesan
Kandice R. Levental
Publication Year :
2019
Publisher :
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 2019.

Abstract

SUMMARYA fundamental feature of cellular plasma membranes (PM) is asymmetric lipid distribution between the bilayer leaflets. However, neither the detailed, comprehensive compositions of individual PM leaflets, nor how these contribute to structural membrane asymmetries have been defined. We report the distinct lipidomes and biophysical properties of both monolayers in living mammalian PMs. Phospholipid unsaturation is dramatically asymmetric, with the cytoplasmic leaflet being ∼2-fold more unsaturated than the exoplasmic. Atomistic simulations and spectroscopy of leaflet-selective fluorescent probes reveal that the outer PM leaflet is more packed and less diffusive than the inner leaflet, with this biophysical asymmetry maintained in the endocytic system. The structural asymmetry of the PM is reflected in asymmetric structures of protein transmembrane domains (TMD). These structural asymmetries are conserved throughout Eukaryota, suggesting fundamental cellular design principles.

Details

Language :
English
Database :
OpenAIRE
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....12e02337416213051b7ac8c31fe755c3
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1101/698837