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Genetic Variation Controlling Wrinkled Seed Phenotypes in Pisum: How Lucky Was Mendel?
- Source :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences, International Journal of Molecular Sciences; Volume 18; Issue 6; Pages: 1205, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 18, Iss 6, p 1205 (2017)
- Publication Year :
- 2017
- Publisher :
- MDPI, 2017.
-
Abstract
- One of the traits studied by Mendel in pea (Pisum sativum L.) was the wrinkled-seeded phenotype, and the molecular basis for a mutation underlying this phenotype was discovered in the 1990s. Although the starch-branching enzyme gene mutation identified at the genetic locus r is most likely to be that in seeds available to Mendel in the mid-1800s, it has remained an open question as to whether or not additional natural mutations in this gene exist within Pisum germplasm collections. Here, we explore this question and show that all but two wrinkled-seeded variants in one such collection correspond to either the mutant allele described previously for the r locus or a mutation at a second genetic locus, rb, affecting the gene encoding the large subunit of Adenosine diphosphoglucose (ADP-glucose) pyrophosphorylase; the molecular basis for the rb mutation is described here. The genetic basis for the phenotype of one (JI 2110) of the two lines which are neither r nor rb has been studied in crosses with a round-seeded variant (JI 281); for which extensive genetic marker data were expected. In marked contrast to the trait studied by Mendel and the rb phenotype; the data suggest that the wrinkled-seeded phenotype in JI 2110 is maternally determined, controlled by two genetic loci, and the extent to which it is manifested is very sensitive to the environment. Metabolite analysis of the cotyledons of JI 2110 revealed a profile for sucrose and sucrose-derived compounds that was more similar to that of wild-type round-seeded, than that of wrinkled-seeded r, pea lines. However, the metabolite profile of the seed coat (testa) of JI 2110 was distinct from that of other round-seeded genotypes tested which, together with analysis of recombinant inbred progeny lines, suggests an explanation for the seed phenotype.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine
Germplasm
Glucose-1-Phosphate Adenylyltransferase
01 natural sciences
lcsh:Chemistry
Genotype
myoinositol
lcsh:QH301-705.5
Spectroscopy
seed coat (testa) metabolites
Plant Proteins
2. Zero hunger
Genetics
biology
food and beverages
General Medicine
Phenotype
Computer Science Applications
Seeds
seed phenotype
Locus (genetics)
pea germplasm
Genes, Plant
Catalysis
Article
Pisum
Inorganic Chemistry
wrinkled seeds
03 medical and health sciences
genetic markers
r and rb mutations
Genetic variation
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Molecular Biology
Gene
Alleles
Organic Chemistry
Peas
Genetic Variation
biology.organism_classification
030104 developmental biology
lcsh:Biology (General)
lcsh:QD1-999
Genetic marker
Genetic Loci
Mutation
010606 plant biology & botany
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14220067
- Volume :
- 18
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....126ff4141a66315fb697ac2380b8fb0e