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Generation of blue chrysanthemums by anthocyanin B-ring hydroxylation and glucosylation and its coloration mechanism
- Source :
- SC30201804130030, NARO成果DBa, OAへのリンク https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1602785, Science Advances
- Publication Year :
- 2017
- Publisher :
- American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2017.
-
Abstract
- Coexpression of two anthocyanin modification genes elicits blue flower coloration through interaction with colorless flavonoids.<br />Various colored cultivars of ornamental flowers have been bred by hybridization and mutation breeding; however, the generation of blue flowers for major cut flower plants, such as roses, chrysanthemums, and carnations, has not been achieved by conventional breeding or genetic engineering. Most blue-hued flowers contain delphinidin-based anthocyanins; therefore, delphinidin-producing carnation, rose, and chrysanthemum flowers have been generated by overexpression of the gene encoding flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase (F3′5′H), the key enzyme for delphinidin biosynthesis. Even so, the flowers are purple/violet rather than blue. To generate true blue flowers, blue pigments, such as polyacylated anthocyanins and metal complexes, must be introduced by metabolic engineering; however, introducing and controlling multiple transgenes in plants are complicated processes. We succeeded in generating blue chrysanthemum flowers by introduction of butterfly pea UDP (uridine diphosphate)–glucose:anthocyanin 3′,5′-O-glucosyltransferase gene, in addition to the expression of the Canterbury bells F3′5′H. Newly synthesized 3′,5′-diglucosylated delphinidin-based anthocyanins exhibited a violet color under the weakly acidic pH conditions of flower petal juice and showed a blue color only through intermolecular association, termed “copigmentation,” with flavone glucosides in planta. Thus, we achieved the development of blue color by a two-step modification of the anthocyanin structure. This simple method is a promising approach to generate blue flowers in various ornamental plants by metabolic engineering.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine
Glycosylation
Chrysanthemum
Color
Carnation
Biology
Hydroxylation
01 natural sciences
Anthocyanins
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
Pigment
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
Botany
Ornamental plant
Copigmentation
heterocyclic compounds
Transgenes
Research Articles
Multidisciplinary
Mutation breeding
Molecular Structure
Pigmentation
fungi
food and beverages
SciAdv r-articles
Plants, Genetically Modified
biology.organism_classification
carbohydrates (lipids)
Phenotype
030104 developmental biology
Applied Sciences and Engineering
chemistry
Anthocyanin
visual_art
visual_art.visual_art_medium
Petal
Delphinidin
Agricultural Engineering
Metabolic Networks and Pathways
Research Article
010606 plant biology & botany
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 23752548
- Volume :
- 3
- Issue :
- 7
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Science Advances = Science Advances
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....112b5cdf8bac26efdbe3de71f8cfcc5c