Electro-analytical sensing of anti-hypotensive agents: application to dosage forms and human urine

A new and valid method was developed for the quantitative voltammetric analysis of midodrine hydrochloride (MID) in pharmaceutical tablets (Midodrine) and biological samples. The method is based on electro-oxidation of MID supported by both disposable pencil electrode (PE) and glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The analysis was carried out using cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and square wave voltammetry (SWV) techniques. The proposed analytical method was validated according to ICH guidelines. MID was successively assayed at concentration ranges of 1.15–6.55 and 0.58–3.05 μg mL−1 at PE. Also, MID was successively assayed at concentration ranges of 1.15–5.28 and 2.86–27.6 μg mL−1 at GCE for DPV and SWV methods, respectively. The proposed method was successfully used for the analysis of MID in its dosage form and human urine with good recoveries of 99.66 ± 0.33, 99.8 ± 0.45 at PE and 99.8 ± 0.25, 98.7 ± 1.27 at GCE for the DPV and SWV methods, respectively. The suggested method could be applied to the studied drug in the quality control lab as well as in its pharmacokinetic studies.