The technological methods of surface layer modification in construction materials

The paper deals with the choice of a method and methodology of planning the technological processes to ensure the required quality of the surface layer of parts, resting on the principle of utility proposed by authors, which is an overall indicator of efficient use of external and internal impacts upon operational characteristics of products with modified surface layers: 1) the modification of properties without allowance removal, with a change in surface layer characteristics; 2) the removal of the allowance portion until reaching the material layer, having the desired operational characteristics; 3) the coating of products with surface layers, made from materials with desired characteristics and having a structure in which the operational properties are obtained by imparting the preset characteristics (wear resistance, heat resistance, etc.) to parts (including those made from other materials), applying the useful properties of coatings deposited; 4) the deposition of coatings comprising the inclusions of conductive and dielectric materials (e.g. ceramics, abrasives, etc.). The paper discovers the ways of using the principle of utility to justify the effectiveness and the scope of preferred application of technological processes of surface layer modification. It presents the methods of automation in selecting the technical means for enhancing the operational properties of high-tech products.