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How the Physicochemical Properties of the Bulk Material Affect the Ablation Crater Profile, Mass Balance, and Bubble Dynamics During Single‐Pulse, Nanosecond Laser Ablation in Water
- Source :
- Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Understanding the key steps that drive the laser‐based synthesis of colloids is a prerequisite for learning how to optimize the ablation process in terms of nanoparticle output and functional design of the nanomaterials. Even though many studies focus on cavitation bubble formation using single‐pulse ablation conditions, the ablation efficiency and nanoparticle properties are typically investigated under prolonged ablation conditions with repetition rate lasers. Linking single‐pulse and multiple‐pulse ablation is difficult due to limitations induced by gas formation cross‐effects, which occur on longer timescales and depend on the target materials’ oxidation‐sensitivity. Therefore, this study investigates the ablation and cavitation bubble dynamics under nanosecond, single laser pulse conditions for six different bulk materials (Au, Ag, Cu, Fe, Ti, and Al). Also, the effective threshold fluences, ablation volumes, and penetration depths are quantified for these materials. The thermal and chemical properties of the corresponding bulk materials not only favor the formation of larger spot sizes but also lead to the highest molar ablation efficiencies for low melting materials such as aluminum. Furthermore, the concept of the cavitation bubble growth linked with the oxidation sensitivity of the ablated material is discussed. With this, evidence is provided that intensive chemical reactions occurring during the very early timescale of ablation are significantly enhanced by the bubble collapse.<br />The early cavitation bubble timescales of ablation of gold and aluminum targets in water are illustrated. It is evident that intensive chemical reactions occur depending on the oxidation sensitivity of the ablated material leading to different ablation depths during single pulse nanosecond laser ablation in liquids.
- Subjects :
- Bubble
medicine.medical_treatment
water
Chemie
Nanoparticle
Lasers | Hot Paper
010402 general chemistry
01 natural sciences
Catalysis
Nanomaterials
law.invention
law
Thermal
medicine
metal nanoparticles
Laser ablation
Full Paper
010405 organic chemistry
Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
General Chemistry
Full Papers
gold
Nanosecond
Ablation
Laser
0104 chemical sciences
Chemical physics
aluminum
laser ablation
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15213765 and 09476539
- Volume :
- 27
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Chemistry – A European Journal
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....0ecc78b269a4f1f019896058e9a705d2