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Critical Ischemia Times and the Effect of Novel Preservation Solutions HTK-N and TiProtec on Tissues of a Vascularized Tissue Isograft
- Source :
- Transplantation. 101(9)
- Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Background We herein investigate critical ischemia times and the effect of novel preservation solutions such as new histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK-N) and TiProtec on the individual tissues of a rat limb isograft. Methods Orthotopic hind-limb transplantations were performed in male Lewis rats after 2 hours, 6 hours, or 10 hours of cold ischemia (CI). Limbs were flushed and stored in HTK-N, TiProtec, HTK, or saline solution. Muscle, nerve, vessel, skin, and bone samples were procured on day 10 for histology, immunohistochemistry, confocal and electron microscopy, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. Results Histomorphology of the muscle showed a mainly perivascular inflammatory infiltrate, fibrotic degeneration, and neovascularization after 6 hours and 10 hours of CI. However, centrally aligned nuclei observed in muscle fibers suggest for muscle regeneration in these samples. In addition to Wallerian degeneration, nerve injury was significantly aggravated (P = 0.032) after prolonged CI. Proinflammatory and regulatory cytokines were most significantly upregulated after 2-hour CI. Our data suggest no superiority of novel perfusates HTK-N and TiProtec in terms of tissue preservation, compared with HTK and saline. Conclusions Limiting CI time for less than 6 hours is the most significant factor to reduce tissue damage in vascularized tissue transplantation. Signs of muscle regeneration give rise that ischemic muscle damage in limb transplantation might be reversible to a certain extent.
- Subjects :
- Male
Pathology
medicine.medical_specialty
Wallerian degeneration
Time Factors
Isograft
medicine.medical_treatment
Organ Preservation Solutions
Ischemia
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
030230 surgery
Muscle Development
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Potassium Chloride
Neovascularization
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
Medicine
Animals
Regeneration
Mannitol
Saline
Tissue Survival
Transplantation
Bone Transplantation
Isografts
Microscopy, Confocal
business.industry
Cold Ischemia
Limb transplantation
Histology
Organ Preservation
Skin Transplantation
Nerve injury
medicine.disease
Hindlimb
Glucose
Gene Expression Regulation
Cytoprotection
Rats, Inbred Lew
Models, Animal
medicine.symptom
business
Wallerian Degeneration
Procaine
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15346080
- Volume :
- 101
- Issue :
- 9
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Transplantation
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....0d2e62c3a0149fce60973d8709f79256