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Allergy associations with the adult fecal microbiota: Analysis of the American Gut Project
- Source :
- EBioMedicine, EBioMedicine, Vol 3, Iss C, Pp 172-179 (2016), EBioMedicine, Vol 3, Iss C, Pp 15-16 (2016)
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Abstract
- Background Alteration of the gut microbial population (dysbiosis) may increase the risk for allergies and other conditions. This study sought to clarify the relationship of dysbiosis with allergies in adults. Methods Publicly available American Gut Project questionnaire and fecal 16S rRNA sequence data were analyzed. Fecal microbiota richness (number of observed species) and composition (UniFrac) were used to compare adults with versus without allergy to foods (peanuts, tree nuts, shellfish, other) and non-foods (drug, bee sting, dander, asthma, seasonal, eczema). Logistic and Poisson regression models adjusted for potential confounders. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for lowest vs highest richness tertile. Taxonomy associations considered 122 non-redundant taxa (of 2379 total taxa) with ≥ 0.1% mean abundance. Results Self-reported allergy prevalence among the 1879 participants (mean age, 45.5 years; 46.9% male) was 81.5%, ranging from 2.5% for peanuts to 40.5% for seasonal. Fecal microbiota richness was markedly lower with total allergies (P = 10− 9) and five particular allergies (P ≤ 10− 4). Richness odds ratios were 1.7 (CI 1.3–2.2) with seasonal, 1.8 (CI 1.3–2.5) with drug, and 7.8 (CI 2.3–26.5) with peanut allergy. These allergic participants also had markedly altered microbial community composition (unweighted UniFrac, P = 10− 4 to 10− 7). Total food and non-food allergies were significantly associated with 7 and 9 altered taxa, respectively. The dysbiosis was most marked with nut and seasonal allergies, driven by higher Bacteroidales and reduced Clostridiales taxa. Interpretation American adults with allergies, especially to nuts and seasonal pollen, have low diversity, reduced Clostridiales, and increased Bacteroidales in their gut microbiota. This dysbiosis might be targeted to improve treatment or prevention of allergy.<br />Highlights • Allergy history vs. fecal microbiota metrics was assessed in 1879 American adults. • Fecal microbiota had markedly fewer species and altered composition with allergies. • Markedly higher Bacteroidales, lower Clostridiales with nut and seasonal allergies. American adults with allergies, especially to nuts and seasonal pollen, have low diversity, reduced Clostridiales, and increased Bacteroidales in their gut microbiota. This dysbiosis might be targeted to improve treatment or prevention of allergy.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Male
Allergy
lcsh:Medicine
Disease
Gut flora
Bioinformatics
law.invention
Probiotic
Feces
law
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
Surveys and Questionnaires
Odds Ratio
PCoA, principal coordinate analysis
AGP, American Gut Project
RA, relative abundance
NHANES, National Health And Examination Survey
education.field_of_study
lcsh:R5-920
Microbiota
Human microbiome
Vegan Diet
General Medicine
Biodiversity
Hygiene hypothesis
Fecal microbiota
Middle Aged
Biomarker (medicine)
Female
Databases, Nucleic Acid
lcsh:Medicine (General)
Research Paper
Risk
Adult
16S rRNA, 16S ribosomal RNA
FDR, false discovery rate
Population
Biology
MiRKAT, Microbiome Regression-based Kernel Association Test
General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
03 medical and health sciences
medicine
Hypersensitivity
Humans
Adults
Microbiome
education
Aged
lcsh:R
ta3121
biology.organism_classification
medicine.disease
PD, phylogenetic diversity
QIIME, Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
030104 developmental biology
Immunology
Commentary
Metagenome
Metagenomics
Dysbiosis
Biomarkers
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 23523964
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- EBioMedicine
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....0ce8aad1c4b2f6fc51d1c1fb68a07253
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.11.038