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Dairy intake enhances bodyweight and composition changes during energy restriction in 18-50-year-old adults - a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
- Source :
- Nutrients, Nutrients; Volume 8; Issue 7; Pages: 394, Nutrients, Vol 8, Iss 7, p 394 (2016)
- Publication Year :
- 2016
- Publisher :
- Switzerland : MDPIAG, 2016.
-
Abstract
- Background/Aims: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed to investigate the effects of dairy food or supplements during energy restriction on body weight and composition in 18–50-year-old. Methods: RCTs ≥ 4 weeks comparing the effect of dairy consumption (whole food or supplements) with control diets lower in dairy during energy restriction on body weight, fat and lean mass were identified by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, Pubmed, Cochrane Central and World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (WHO ICTRP) until March 2016. Reports were identified and critically appraised in duplicate. Data were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. Chi2- and I2-statistics indicated heterogeneity. Dose effect was assessed using meta-regression analysis. GRADE guidelines were used to rate the quality (QR) of the evidence considering risk of bias, inconsistency, indirectness, imprecision, publication bias and effect estimates. Results: 27 RCTs were reviewed. Participants consumed between 2 and 4 standard servings/day of dairy food or 20–84 g/day of whey protein compared to low dairy control diets, over a median of 16 weeks. A greater reduction in body weight (−1.16 kg [−1.66, −0.66 kg], p < 0.001, I2 = 11%, QR = high, n = 644) and body fat mass (−1.49 kg [−2.06, −0.92 kg], p < 0.001, I2 = 21%, n = 521, QR = high) were found in studies largely including women (90% women). These effects were absent in studies that imposed resistance training (QR = low-moderate). Dairy intake resulted in smaller loss of lean mass (all trials pooled: 0.36 kg [0.01, 0.71 kg], p = 0.04, I2 = 64%, n = 651, QR = moderate). No between study dose-response effects were seen. Conclusions: Increased dairy intake as part of energy restricted diets resulted in greater loss in bodyweight and fat mass while attenuating lean mass loss in 18–50-year-old adults. Further research in males is needed to investigate sex effects. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
0301 basic medicine
Adolescent
Diet, Reducing
lcsh:TX341-641
Article
Body Mass Index
law.invention
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
body weight
Animal science
Randomized controlled trial
law
body fat mass
medicine
Humans
Obesity
Food science
Exercise
Adiposity
Caloric Restriction
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
body composition
030109 nutrition & dietetics
Nutrition and Dietetics
business.industry
energy restriction
body lean mass
Resistance Training
Publication bias
Middle Aged
medicine.disease
Clinical trial
Meta-analysis
Lean body mass
dairy
dairy supplements
Female
Whole food
Dairy Products
Energy Intake
business
lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply
Body mass index
Food Science
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Nutrients, Nutrients; Volume 8; Issue 7; Pages: 394, Nutrients, Vol 8, Iss 7, p 394 (2016)
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....0cd43407472907e07e0dd37eb3b4eef0