The Evaluation of Osteoblastic Cell Behavior on Treated Titanium Surface

Background: There are several potential advantages in optimizing the initial events of osseointegration in the benefit of clinical outcome. Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the behavior of osteoblastic cells on surfaces treated by double acid etching using HNO3 and H2SO4. Methods: Commercially pure titanium (grade 4) discs measuring 6 mm in diameter and 2 mm in thickness were used. The discs were divided into two groups: machined group and double acid-etched discs (HNO3 and H2SO4). Surface characteristics were assessed using Scanning Electron Microscopy. Pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were used for cell culture on the tested surfaces to assess proliferation, viability (MTT), as well as secretion (ELISA) and cytoplasmic expression (Western blot) of type I collagen. Results: The data obtained were analyzed using t-test or two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s test at 95% significance. The titanium surfaces showed average roughness values for the machined and treated surfaces of 0.29 and 1.16, respectively (pp Conclusion: Implant surfaces treated by double acid etching positively affected the early events of the interaction between titanium and osteoblastic cells, suggesting optimization of osseintegration.