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Investigating biogeographic boundaries of the Sunda shelf: A phylogenetic analysis of two island populations of Macaca fascicularis
- Source :
- American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 163:658-670
- Publication Year :
- 2017
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2017.
-
Abstract
- OBJECTIVES Cyclical submergence and re-emergence of the Sunda Shelf throughout the Pleistocene served as a dynamic biogeographic landscape, across which long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) have migrated and evolved. Here, we tested the integrity of the previously reported continental-insular haplotype divide reported among Y and mitochondrial DNA lineages across multiple studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS The continental-insular haplotype divide was tested by heavily sampling wild macaques from two important biogeographic regions within Sundaland: (1) Singapore, the southernmost tip of continental Asia and (2) Bali, Indonesia, the southeastern edge of the Indonesian archipelago, immediately west of Wallace's line. Y DNA was haplotyped for samples from Bali, deep within the Indonesian archipelago. Mitochondrial D-loop from both islands was analyzed against existing data using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian approaches. RESULTS We uncovered both "continental" and "insular" Y DNA haplotypes in Bali. Between Singapore and Bali we found 52 unique mitochondrial haplotypes, none of which had been previously described. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed a major haplogroup division within Singapore and identified five new Singapore subclades and two primary subclades in Bali. DISCUSSION While we confirmed the continental-insular divide among mtDNA haplotypes, maintenance of both Y DNA haplotypes on Bali, deep within the Indonesian archipelago calls into question the mechanism by which Y DNA diversity has been maintained. It also suggests the continental-insular designation is less appropriate for Y DNA, leading us to propose geographically neutral Y haplotype designations.
- Subjects :
- Male
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine
Mitochondrial DNA
Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup
Zoology
Biology
Y chromosome
DNA, Mitochondrial
010603 evolutionary biology
01 natural sciences
Haplogroup
03 medical and health sciences
Homing Behavior
Phylogenetics
Y Chromosome
parasitic diseases
Animals
Asia, Southeastern
Phylogeny
Islands
Phylogenetic tree
Haplotype
Bayes Theorem
Macaca fascicularis
Phylogeography
030104 developmental biology
Haplotypes
Anthropology
Anatomy
geographic locations
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 10968644 and 00029483
- Volume :
- 163
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- American Journal of Physical Anthropology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....0bfcd69c86b5673a53369ff0232b1855