Oral anticoagulation patterns and prognosis in octogenarian patients with atrial fibrillation

The relationship between oral anticoagulants (OACs) and prognosis in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) has not been adequately explored. In this retrospective cohort study, we identified subjects aged over 80 from a database of 1140 AF patients discharged from the cardiology ward of a single tertiary center between 2015 and 2018. We examined the OAC treatment of octogenarian patients at discharge [VKA (vitamin K antagonist), NOAC (non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant), no OAC treatment]. We analyzed follow-up data of patients on OAC at discharge. The primary endpoint was all-cause death. The secondary endpoint was the incidence of stroke and major bleeding. The association of NOAC versus VKA treatment with these endpoints was assessed with multivariable Cox regression, using the VKA group as reference. A total of 330 octogenarian patients with AF were included with a mean (± SD) age of 83.9 ± 3.5 years. At discharge, 53.3% received a NOAC, 30% a VKA, and 16.7% no OAC. Patients on OAC were followed-up over a median of 2.6-years . The adjusted risk of all-cause death was not different in the NOAC group, compared with the VKA group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.72; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 0.50–1.03; P = 0.07). The risk of stroke or major bleeding was not different either (all P > 0.05). In conclusion, in this cohort of post-discharge octogenarian patients with AF, the risk for all-cause death was similar in NOAC versus VKA users, after adjustment for baseline covariates. No differences in stroke and major bleeding events among these treatment groups were revealed.