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Characterization of Innate Responses Induced by PLGA Encapsulated- and Soluble TLR Ligands In Vitro and In Vivo in Chickens
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, PLoS ONE, Vol 12, Iss 1, p e0169154 (2017)
- Publication Year :
- 2017
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2017.
-
Abstract
- Natural or synthetic Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands trigger innate responses by interacting with distinct TLRs. TLR ligands can thus serve as vaccine adjuvants or stand-alone antimicrobial agents. One of the limitations of TLR ligands for clinical application is their short half-life and rapid clearance from the body. In the current study, encapsulation of selected TLR ligands in biodegradable poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) polymer nanoparticles (PLGA NPs) was examined in vitro and in vivo as a means to prolong innate responses. MQ-NCSU cells (a chicken macrophage cell line) were treated with encapsulated or soluble forms of TLR ligands and the resulting innate responses were evaluated. In most cases, encapsulated forms of TLR ligands (CpG ODN 2007, lipopolysaccharide and Pam3CSK4) induced comparable or higher levels of nitric oxide and cytokine gene expression in macrophages, compared to the soluble forms. Encapsulated CpG ODN, in particular the higher dose, induced significantly higher expression of interferon (IFN)-γ and IFN-β until at least 18 hr post-treatment. Cytokine expression by splenocytes was also examined in chickens receiving encapsulated or soluble forms of lipopolysaccharide (a potent inflammatory cytokine inducer in chickens) by intramuscular injection. Encapsulated LPS induced more sustained innate responses characterized by higher expression of IFN-γ and IL-1β until up to 96 hr. The ability of TLR ligands encapsulated in polymeric nanoparticles to maintain prolonged innate responses indicates that this controlled-release system can extend the use of TLR ligands as vaccine adjuvants or as stand-alone prophylactic agents against pathogens.
- Subjects :
- Lipopolysaccharides
0301 basic medicine
Lipopolysaccharide
Physiology
medicine.medical_treatment
lcsh:Medicine
Gene Expression
Ligands
Immune Receptors
Biochemistry
Poultry
White Blood Cells
chemistry.chemical_compound
Anti-Infective Agents
Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer
Animal Cells
Interferon
Immune Physiology
Medicine and Health Sciences
Gamefowl
lcsh:Science
Toll-like Receptors
Immune Response
Innate Immune System
Immune System Proteins
Multidisciplinary
Agriculture
PLGA
Cytokine
Oligodeoxyribonucleotides
Vertebrates
Cytokines
Female
Cellular Types
Research Article
Signal Transduction
medicine.drug
Livestock
CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide
Immune Cells
Immunology
Biology
Nitric Oxide
Microbiology
Birds
Interferon-gamma
03 medical and health sciences
Immune system
Adjuvants, Immunologic
In vivo
Genetics
medicine
Animals
Lactic Acid
Treatment Guidelines
Blood Cells
Health Care Policy
Macrophages
Gene Expression Profiling
lcsh:R
Organisms
Biology and Life Sciences
Proteins
Cell Biology
Interferon-beta
Molecular Development
Molecular biology
Immunity, Innate
In vitro
Health Care
Poly I-C
030104 developmental biology
chemistry
Fowl
Immune System
Amniotes
lcsh:Q
Chickens
Spleen
Polyglycolic Acid
Developmental Biology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19326203
- Volume :
- 12
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLOS ONE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....0b8a73e073b07309e1d99607366a4f3c