Clinical, paraclinical and therapeutic factors implicated in the recurrence of benign jaw tumors in three tertiary hospitals in Yaounde

Introduction Benign jaw tumors or tumor-like swellings of the jaws can be classified as odontogenic or non-odontogenic. The type of surgery undertaken or the histological typing of the tumor could be the cause of the recurrence of these tumors. Our objective was to determine clinical and paraclinical features implicated in or that signal the recurrence of benign tumors. Material and methods We carried out a case control study during the period from January 2010 to April 2020 in the units of Stomatology and maxillofacial surgery, radiology and pathology units of Yaounde University Teaching Hospital, Yaounde Central Hospital and Yaounde Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital. Participants who had been operated for a benign jaw tumor were included in this study. For the statistical analysis: the significant threshold was set at 0.05 that is all p values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results We retained 89 study participants with a recurrence rate of 7.51%. In our study, we had 61.8% females and 38.2% males with a sex ratio of 0.62. The localization at the level of the angle and ramus of the mandible, tooth preservation, type of anesthesia, radiological tumor aspect and histomorphology (ameloblastic fibroma and osteoma) were statistically significant for recurrence. Conclusion The recurrence of jaw tumors is associated with several clinical and paraclinical factors. These factors can help predict recurrences and hence reduce the complications associated with late treatment plan.