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Regional immunity in melanoma: immunosuppressive changes precede nodal metastasis
- Source :
- Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc. 24(4)
- Publication Year :
- 2010
-
Abstract
- In order to characterize the degree of immunosuppression in regional immunity in patients with melanoma, we used immunohistochemistry to analyze markers of T-cell subtype and polarity, costimulation, dendritic cell maturation, monocytes, lymphatic vasculature, and angiogenesis. Specifically, we analyzed expression of CD4, CD8, CD14, CD40, CD86, CD123, HLA-DR, IL-10, LYVE, VEGFR3, and VEGF-C in lymph nodes. We compared sentinel lymph nodes with and without metastasis from patients with melanoma with both infection inflamed (reactive) and dormant human lymph nodes. There were no differences demonstrated between sentinel lymph nodes with or without metastasis from patients with melanoma in any of the markers that were tested. Both groups of sentinel lymph nodes had fewer CD8(+) T cells than either set of control nodes. Whereas the infection inflamed lymph nodes demonstrated Th2 polarity, the dormant lymph nodes demonstrated Th1 polarity. In conclusion, changes in regional immunity appeared to precede metastasis in melanoma. Whether there was tumor present in sentinel lymph nodes or not, these nodes demonstrated a marked decrease in cytotoxic T cells compared with both sets of controls. Furthermore, the control lymph nodes used for comparison can significantly impact interpretation, as the dormant and reactive lymph nodes markedly varied in their immune profiles. These immunologic changes may explain the successful metastasis of melanoma in the midst of the immune environment of the sentinel lymph node, and lend insights into the mechanisms of lymphatic metastases in other solid malignancies.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
Pathology
medicine.medical_specialty
Skin Neoplasms
Minnesota
Sentinel lymph node
Monocytes
Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Metastasis
Immune tolerance
Antigens, CD
T-Lymphocyte Subsets
Lymph node stromal cell
Immune Tolerance
Medicine
Humans
Angiogenic Proteins
Melanoma
Aged
Lymphatic Vessels
Neoplasm Staging
Retrospective Studies
business.industry
Dendritic cell
Dendritic Cells
Middle Aged
medicine.disease
Immunohistochemistry
Lymphatic system
Case-Control Studies
Lymphatic Metastasis
Female
Lymph
Lymph Nodes
Inflammation Mediators
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15300285
- Volume :
- 24
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....0ab414f9d801d78fb6f623bd88247a2b