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PPARα activation elevates blood pressure and does not correct glucocorticoid-induced insulin resistance in humans

Authors :
Carlos Bernal-Mizrachi
William Todd Cade
Philip E. Cryer
Kevin E. Yarasheski
Clay F. Semenkovich
Michael A. DeRosa
Nicholas H. Laffely
Savitha Subramanian
Source :
American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism. 291:E1365-E1371
Publication Year :
2006
Publisher :
American Physiological Society, 2006.

Abstract

Fibrates, activators of the nuclear receptor PPARα, improve dyslipidemia, but their effects on insulin resistance and vascular disease are unresolved. To test the hypothesis that PPARα activation improves insulin resistance and vascular function, we determined the effects of fenofibrate in healthy adults with insulin resistance induced by short-term glucocorticoid administration. Eighteen normal-weight subjects were studied in four stages: at baseline, after 21 days of fenofibrate (160 mg/day) alone, after 3 days of dexamethasone (8 mg/day) added to fenofibrate, and after 3 days of dexamethasone added to placebo (dexamethasone alone). Dexamethasone alone caused hyperinsulinemia, increased glucose, decreased glucose disposal, and reduced insulin-induced suppression of hepatic glucose production as determined by hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp and increased systolic blood pressure as determined by ambulatory monitoring, features associated with an insulin-resistant state. Fenofibrate improved fasting LDL and total cholesterol in the setting of dexamethasone treatment but had no significant effect on levels of insulin or glucose, insulin-stimulated glucose disposal, or insulin suppression of glucose production during clamps, or ambulatory monitored blood pressure. In the absence of dexamethasone, fenofibrate lowered fasting triglycerides and cholesterol but unexpectedly increased systolic blood pressure by ambulatory monitoring. These data suggest that PPARα activation in humans does not correct insulin resistance induced by glucocorticoids and may adversely affect blood pressure.

Details

ISSN :
15221555 and 01931849
Volume :
291
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....09d5b1e6e79bd864197778135cd2cd6b
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00230.2006