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Engineered Functional Redundancy Relaxes Selective Constraints upon Endogenous Genes in Viral RNA Genomes
- Source :
- Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC, instname, RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia, Genome Biology and Evolution
- Publication Year :
- 2018
- Publisher :
- Oxford University Press, 2018.
-
Abstract
- Functional redundancy, understood as the functional overlap of different genes, is a double-edge sword. At the one side, it is thought to serve as a robustness mechanism that buffers the deleterious effect of mutations hitting one of the redundant copies, thus resulting in pseudogenization. At the other side, it is considered as a source of genetic and functional innovation. In any case, genetically redundant genes are expected to show an acceleration in the rate of molecular evolution. Here, we tackle the role of functional redundancy in viral RNA genomes. To this end, we have evaluated the rates of compensatory evolution for deleterious mutations affecting an essential function, the suppression of RNA silencing plant defense, of tobacco etch potyvirus (TEV). TEV genotypes containing deleterious mutations in presence/absence of engineered functional redundancy were evolved and the pattern of fitness and pathogenicity recovery evaluated. Genetically redundant genotypes suffered less from the effect of deleterious mutations and showed relatively minor changes in fitness and pathogenicity. By contrast, nongenetically redundant genotypes had very low fitness and pathogenicity at the beginning of the evolution experiment that were fully recovered by the end. At the molecular level, the outcome depended on the combination of the actual mutations being compensated and the presence/absence of functional redundancy. Reversions to wild-type alleles were the norm in the nonredundant genotypes while redundant ones either did not fix any mutation at all or showed a higher nonsynonymous mutational load.<br />This work was supported by Spain’s Agencia Estatal de Investigacion—FEDER grant BFU2015-65037-P to S.F.E. and by a fellowship from the Dominican Republic’s Ministerio de Educacion Superior, Ciencia y Tecnolog ıa to S.M.R.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Potyvirus
Endogeny
Computational biology
Genome, Viral
Genome
Experimental virus evolution
Viral suppressors of RNA silencing
Evolution, Molecular
03 medical and health sciences
Genetics
RNA Viruses
Viral rna
Gene
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Compensatory evolution
Plant Diseases
biology
Tobacco etch virus
Functional redundancy
Multifunctional proteins
Plants
biology.organism_classification
Genetic redundancy
030104 developmental biology
Mutation
RNA, Viral
RNA Interference
Pseudogenes
Research Article
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC, instname, RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia, Genome Biology and Evolution
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....08e0650863a829cb8f1fe20bca9b108d