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Vaccinia virus-based vaccines confer protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 virus in Syrian hamsters
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 9, p e0257191 (2021), PLoS ONE
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 2021.
-
Abstract
- COVID-19 in humans is caused by Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) that belongs to the beta family of coronaviruses. SARS-CoV-2 causes severe respiratory illness in 10-15% of infected individuals and mortality in 2-3%. Vaccines are urgently needed to prevent infection and to contain viral spread. Although several mRNA- and adenovirus-based vaccines are highly effective, their dependence on the “cold chain” transportation makes global vaccination a difficult task. In this context, a stable lyophilized vaccine may present certain advantages. Accordingly, establishing additional vaccine platforms remains vital to tackle SARS- CoV-2 and any future variants that may arise. Vaccinia virus (VACV) has been used to eradicate smallpox disease, and several attenuated viral strains with enhanced safety for human applications have been developed. We have generated two candidate SARS-CoV-2 vaccines based on two vaccinia viral strains, MVA and v-NY, that express full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Whereas MVA is growth-restricted in mammalian cells, the v-NY strain is replication-competent. We demonstrate that both candidate recombinant vaccines induce high titers of neutralizing antibodies in C57BL/6 mice vaccinated according to prime-boost regimens. Furthermore, our vaccination regimens generated TH1-biased immune responses in mice. Most importantly, prime-boost vaccination of a Syrian hamster infection model with MVA-S and v-NY-S protected the hamsters against SARS-CoV-2 infection, supporting that these two vaccines are promising candidates for future development. Finally, our vaccination regimens generated neutralizing antibodies that partially cross-neutralized SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern.
- Subjects :
- RNA viruses
Male
Coronaviruses
Physiology
viruses
Biochemistry
Mice
chemistry.chemical_compound
Medical Conditions
Immune Physiology
Medicine
Public and Occupational Health
Enzyme-Linked Immunoassays
Lung
Pathology and laboratory medicine
Mammals
Vaccines
Immune System Proteins
Multidisciplinary
biology
Viral Vaccine
Eukaryota
Medical microbiology
Vaccination and Immunization
Recombinant Proteins
Vaccination
Titer
Infectious Diseases
Viruses
Vertebrates
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
Hamsters
Female
SARS CoV 2
Pathogens
Antibody
Research Article
COVID-19 Vaccines
SARS coronavirus
Infectious Disease Control
Science
Immunology
Immunization, Secondary
Hamster
Vaccinia virus
Context (language use)
Research and Analysis Methods
Microbiology
Rodents
Antibodies
Virus
Immune system
Virology
Vaccine Development
Animals
Immunoassays
Medicine and health sciences
Biology and life sciences
Mesocricetus
SARS-CoV-2
business.industry
Organisms
Viral pathogens
HIV vaccines
Proteins
COVID-19
Viral Vaccines
biology.organism_classification
Antibodies, Neutralizing
Microbial pathogens
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Immunization
chemistry
Amniotes
Immunologic Techniques
biology.protein
Preventive Medicine
Vaccinia
business
Zoology
Subjects
Details
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 9, p e0257191 (2021), PLoS ONE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....08645a69afd942d8e7a11af8df4f3502