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Non‐invasive visual evoked potentials to assess optic nerve involvement in the dark agouti rat model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis induced by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein
- Source :
- Brain Pathol
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2019.
-
Abstract
- Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is the primary disease model of multiple sclerosis (MS), one of the most diffused neurological diseases characterized by fatigue, muscle weakness, vision loss, anxiety and depression. EAE can be induced through injection of myelin peptides to susceptible mouse or rat strains. In particular, EAE elicited by the autoimmune reaction against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) presents the common features of human MS: inflammation, demyelination and axonal loss. Optic neuritis affects visual pathways in both MS and in several EAE models. Neurophysiological evaluation through visual evoked potential (VEP) recording is useful to check visual pathway dysfunctions and to test the efficacy of innovative treatments against optic neuritis. For this purpose, we investigate the extent of VEP abnormalities in the dark agouti (DA) rat immunized with MOG, which develops a relapsing–remitting disease course. Together with the detection of motor signs, we acquired VEPs during both early and late stages of EAE, taking advantage of a non-invasive recording procedure that allows long follow-up studies. The validation of VEP outcomes was determined by comparison with ON histopathology, aimed at revealing inflammation, demyelination and nerve fiber loss. Our results indicate that the first VEP latency delay in MOG-EAE DA rats appeared before motor deficits and were mainly related to an inflammatory state. Subsequent VEP delays, detected during relapsing EAE phases, were associated with a combination of inflammation, demyelination and axonal loss. Moreover, DA rats with atypical EAE clinical course tested at extremely late time points, manifested abnormal VEPs although motor signs were mild. Overall, our data demonstrated that non-invasive VEPs are a powerful tool to detect visual involvement at different stages of EAE, prompting their validation as biomarkers to test novel treatments against MS optic neuritis.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Pathology
medicine.medical_specialty
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental
Multiple Sclerosis
genetic structures
Nerve fiber
experimental autoimmune encephalomyeliti
Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein
03 medical and health sciences
Myelin
0302 clinical medicine
immune system diseases
Animals
Medicine
Optic neuritis
Evoked potential
Myelin Sheath
Research Articles
optic neuritis
Inflammation
biology
business.industry
General Neuroscience
Multiple sclerosis
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Optic Nerve
Rats, Inbred Strains
medicine.disease
Rats
nervous system diseases
030104 developmental biology
medicine.anatomical_structure
Spinal Cord
biology.protein
Optic nerve
Evoked Potentials, Visual
Female
Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein
Neurology (clinical)
business
non-invasive visual evoked potential
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 17503639 and 10156305
- Volume :
- 30
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Brain Pathology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....074f8578b390fda9496a2b9bd8c87005
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1111/bpa.12762