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Update I. A systematic review on the efficacy and safety of chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19
- Source :
- Journal of Critical Care
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Purpose To assess efficacy and safety of chloroquine (CQ)/hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) for treatment or prophylaxis of COVID-19 in adult humans. Materials and methods MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE and two pre-print repositories (bioRxiv, medRxiv) were searched from inception to 8th June 2020 for RCTs and nonrandomized studies (retrospective and prospective, including single-arm, studies) addressing the use of CQ/HCQ in any dose or combination for COVID-19. Results Thirty-two studies were included (6 RCTs, 26 nonrandomized, 29,192 participants). Two RCTs had high risk, two ‘some concerns’ and two low risk of bias (Rob2). Among nonrandomized studies with comparators, nine had high risk and five moderate risk of bias (ROBINS-I). Data synthesis was not possible. Low and moderate risk of bias studies suggest that treatment of hospitalized COVID-19 with CQ/HCQ may not reduce risk of death, compared to standard care. High dose regimens or combination with macrolides may be associated with harm. Postexposure prophylaxis may not reduce the rate of infection but the quality of the evidence is low. Conclusions Patients with COVID-19 should be treated with CQ/HCQ only if monitored and within the context of high quality RCTs. High quality data about efficacy/safety are urgently needed.<br />Highlights • As of June 2020 there is no high quality evidence regarding hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) as treatment or prophylaxis of COVID-19. • Treatment with HCQ may be associated with no reduction of in-hospital death compared to standard care. • High dosages, comorbidities and combinations with macrolides may increase the risk of death and cardiac adverse events. • Post-exposure prophylaxis with HCQ probably has no effect on preventing COVID-19-like symptoms. • HCQ should not be used outside high-quality RCTs in patients with COVID-19.
- Subjects :
- ICU, Intensive care unit
medicine.medical_treatment
Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
RR, Risk Ratio
0302 clinical medicine
Chloroquine
RCT, Randomized clinical trial
Medicine
HCQ, Hydroxychloroquine
Prospective Studies
Prospective cohort study
Chloroquine, COVID-19, Hydroxychloroquine, Mortality, SARS-CoV-2
ECG, Electrocardiogram
Rob2, Revised tool for Risk of Bias in randomized trials
CI, Confidence interval
Coronavirus Infections
Post-Exposure Prophylaxis
Hydroxychloroquine
medicine.drug
medicine.medical_specialty
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Pneumonia, Viral
MEDLINE
Context (language use)
Antiviral Agents
Article
WHO, World Health Organization
Betacoronavirus
03 medical and health sciences
Internal medicine
Humans
Mortality
COVID-19, Coronavirus disease 2019
Post-exposure prophylaxis
Pandemics
Retrospective Studies
CQ, Chloroquine
SARS-CoV-2
ROBINS-I, Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions
business.industry
COVID-19
030208 emergency & critical care medicine
Retrospective cohort study
HCWs, Healthcare workers
NOS, Newcastle Ottawa Scale
COVID-19 Drug Treatment
030228 respiratory system
business
HR, Hazard Ratio
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 08839441
- Volume :
- 59
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Critical Care
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....06f5873758ab5773d0cfd4f7e99b0997