Tidal Disruptions of White Dwarfs: Theoretical Models and Observational Prospects

White dwarf stars that enter the tidal radius of black holes with masses $\lesssim$ $10^5$ M$_{\odot}$ are doomed to be ripped apart by tidal forces. Black holes in this mass range between stellar black holes and supermassive black holes have not been conclusively identified so the detection of a tidal disruption of a white dwarf would provide clear evidence for the existence of intermediate-mass black holes. In this review, we present a theoretical and observational overview of the transient events that result from the tidal disruptions of white dwarfs by intermediate-mass black holes. This includes discussion of the latest simulations and predicted properties, the results of observational searches, as well as a summary of the potential for gravitational wave emission to be detected with upcoming missions.
Accepted for publication in Springer Space Science Reviews. Chapter in review, 'The Tidal Disruption of Stars by Massive Black Holes', editors: P. G. Jonker, S. Phinney, E. M. Rossi, S. v. Velzen, I. Arcavi & M. Falanga