A surprising complication of breast augmentation surgery

Infections caused by opportunistic fungal organisms such as Scedosporium spp. have been increasingly recognized over the last few decades. Most affected patients are immunocompromised or critically ill, but Scedosporium spp. infections have also been described in immunocompetent patients, such as localized disease from direct inoculation or in near-drowning events. We describe a case of a patient with no known underlying immune impairment who experienced significant infection with Scedosporium apiospermum at both sites of breast augmentation. Once identified, the choice of therapeutics can be challenging given the intrinsic resistance and variable activity of different antifungal agents; however, other factors also impact the outcome of this infection such as the host immune status. Thus, both the recognition and treatment of Scedosporium infections can be challenging.