Maintenance of Lifestyle Changes at 12-month Follow-up in a Nutrition and Physical Activity Trial for Cancer Survivors

Objectives In this paper, we report maintenance of behavior change in a nutrition and physical activity intervention for cancer survivors at 12-months follow-up. Methods The ENRICH (Exercise and Nutrition Routine Improving Cancer Health) program was an 8-week face-to-face program for cancer survivors and caregivers, focused on healthy eating, healthy weight, resistance training, and a walking program. Randomized controlled trial participants completed a survey and 7-days of pedometry at baseline, 8-weeks, and 20-weeks. Intervention participants completed 12-month measures. Maintenance was assessed by examining change between 20-weeks and 12-months for cancer survivors. Results Sixty cancer survivors in the intervention group completed baseline data collection, and 29 (48%) completed 12-month assessments. Initial improvements in step counts, weight, and body mass index were maintained from 20-weeks to 12-months. Vegetable consumption declined significantly (difference -30g/day; p = .04). Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity increased significantly (difference 55 minutes/week; p = .05). Conclusions Physical activity and weight improvements were maintained over 12-months indicating the potential for a multiple health behavior intervention to help cancer survivors sustain improvements to lifestyle behaviors. Additional support is warranted to assist cancer survivors to make and maintain dietary changes.