Risk Factors and Their Diagnostic Values for Ocular Metastases in Gastric Adenocarcinoma

Yue Chen,1,&ast; Yan-Chang Yang,2,&ast; Li-Ying Tang,3,&ast; Qian-Min Ge,4 Wen-Qing Shi,1,4 Ting Su,3,5 Hui-Ye Shu,1,4 Yi-Cong Pan,1,4 Rong-Bin Liang,4 Qiu-Yu Li,4 Yi Shao4 1Department of Dermatology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, 518033, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesiology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, 361102, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Geriatric Medicine and Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yi ShaoDepartment of Geriatric Medicine and Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, YongWaiZheng Street, DongHu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86 791-88692520Email freebee99@163.comObjective: Gastric adenocarcinoma originates from the glands in the superficial layer or mucosa of the stomach. It is prone to metastases, of which ocular metastasis (OM) is rare, but once it occurs the disease is considered more serious. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors for OM in gastric adenocarcinoma.Methods: Patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were recruited to this study between June 2003 and July 2019. Demographic data and serological indicators (SI) were compared between patients with and without OM, and binary logistic regression was used to explore whether the relevant SI may be risk factors for OM of gastric adenocarcinoma. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyze different SIs for OM in gastric cancer patients.Results: Chi-square tests showed significant between-groups difference in gender composition (P < 0.05), but not in age or histological grade (P > 0.05). t-test results showed that low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and carbohydrate antigen-724 (CA724) were significantly higher in patients with than without OM (P < 0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that LDL was an independent risk factor for OM (P < 0.001). ROC curve analysis showed that the areas under the curves (AUC) for LDL and CA724 were 0.903 and 0.913 respectively, with higher AUC for combined LDL and CA724 (0.934; P < 0.001).Conclusion: LDL and CA724 have value as predictors for OM in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma, with higher predictive value when these factors are combined.Keywords: gastric adenocarcinoma, serological indicators, ocular metastases, risk factors, ROC curve