Sífilis: manifestaciones orales, revisión sistemática

espanolIntroduccion: la sifilis es una infeccion bacteriana, que se puede transmitir por contacto sexual o de forma congenita. Esta enfermedad consta de tres estadios, en los cuales se pueden dar diferentes manifestaciones orales. Material y metodo: se realizo una busqueda en la base de datos PubMed, utilizandose como palabras clave: “sexually transmitted diseases”, “venereal diseases”, “syphilis”, “primary syphilis”, “secondary syphilis”, “tertiary syphilis”, “oral manifestations”, “oral lesions”. Como criterios de inclusion se emplearon: series de casos, estudios en los que el tema principal fueran las manifestaciones orales de la sifilis y trabajos en ingles y espanol. No hubo restriccion por fecha. Resultados: se seleccionaron un total de 18 articulos, la N total de pacientes fue de 201. El 10,05% padecia sifilis primaria, el 52,76% sifilis secundaria y el 36, 68% sifilis terciaria. Las lesiones orales predominantes de la sifilis primaria fueron ulceras, inflamacion, chancro sifilitico; en la sifilis secundaria se apreciaban placas mucosas, lesiones eritematosas, inflamacion, lesiones papulares, lesiones maculares, lesiones erosivas; en la sifilis terciaria aparecen gomas sifiliticos, lesiones leucoplasicas y atrofia lingual. Discusion: la sifilis es una infeccion bacteriana que puede simular diversas enfermedades, es muy importante tenerla en cuenta a la hora de realizar el diagnostico diferencial de diversas lesiones orales, sobre todo aquellas que se presentan de forma ulcerosa, indurada y asintomatica. EnglishIntroduction: syphilis is a bacterial infection, which is transmitted by sexual contact or congenitally. This disease develops in three stages, in which different oral manifestations can occur. Material and method: a search was made in the PubMed database, using as keywords: “sexually transmitted diseases”, “venereal diseases”, “syphilis”, “primary syphilis”, “secondary syphilis”, “tertiary syphilis”, “Oral manifestations”, “oral lesions”. The inclusion criteria were: case series, studies in which the main theme was the oral manifestations of syphilis and works in English and Spanish. There was no restriction by date. Results: a total of 18 articles were selected, the total sample of patients was 201. 10.05% had primary syphilis, 52.76% secondary syphilis and 36, 68% tertiary syphilis. The predominant oral lesions of primary syphilis were ulcers, inflammation, syphilitic chancre; in secondary syphilis there were mucous patches, erythematous lesions, inflammation, papular lesions, macular lesions, erosive lesions; in tertiary syphilis, syphilitic gums, leukoplastic lesions and lingual atrophy. Discussion: Syphilis is a bacterial infection that can simulate various diseases, it is very important to take it into account when making the differential diagnosis of various oral lesions, especially those that occur in an ulcerative, indurated and asymptomatic form.