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Occupational exposure of cashiers to bisphenol S via thermal paper
- Source :
- Toxicology letters. 298
- Publication Year :
- 2018
-
Abstract
- Purpose In thermal paper, Bisphenol S (BPS) is one of the alternatives for bisphenol A (BPA). Due to its structural similarity to BPA, concern has been raised about the safety of BPS. Indeed, handling thermal paper receipts could be a source of occupational exposure to BPS among cashiers, as it was previously described for BPA. In this study, we investigated whether frequent contacts with thermal paper are associated with an increase in urinary BPS levels in cashiers. Method Total (unconjugated and conjugated forms) and free (unconjugated) BPS were measured in urine samples from 17 cashiers and 15 controls, using LC–MS/MS. Spot urine samples, including pre-shift and post-sift samples and first morning void were collected from each volunteer. BPS concentration in thermal paper was determined and the number of receipts handled by cashiers was estimated as well. Results The median urinary total BPS concentration was 0.67 μg/L (0.52 μg/g creatinine) for controls and 2.53 μg/L (2.07 μg/g creatinine) for cashiers. Total BPS concentration was significantly higher in cashiers than in controls. Free BPS was detected in less than 20% of urine samples collected from controls and in less than 50% of urine samples collected from cashiers. Conclusion The detectable levels of BPS in urine of controls suggest an exposure to BPS of the general population. In addition, frequent contact with thermal paper could be responsible for an increase in urinary concentration of total BPS in cashiers.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Adult
Male
Paper
Urinary system
Skin Absorption
Population
Urine
010501 environmental sciences
urologic and male genital diseases
Toxicology
01 natural sciences
Risk Assessment
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
Young Adult
Phenols
Occupational Exposure
Medicine
Humans
Sulfones
Occupations
education
Volunteer
Occupational Health
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
education.field_of_study
Creatinine
Chromatography
business.industry
Commerce
General Medicine
Thermal paper
Middle Aged
030104 developmental biology
chemistry
Bisphenol S
Job Description
Environmental Pollutants
Female
Occupational exposure
business
hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists
Environmental Monitoring
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 18793169
- Volume :
- 298
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Toxicology letters
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....021784289638adf6bc8a0c6bddb67252