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Co-existence of GABA and Glu transporters in the central nervous system
- Source :
- Current topics in medicinal chemistry. 6(10)
- Publication Year :
- 2006
-
Abstract
- Co-localization of transporters able to recapture the released or endogenously synthesized transmitter (homotransporters) and of transporters that can selectively take up transmitters/modulators originating from neighbouring structures (heterotransporters) has been demonstrated to occur within the same axon terminal of several neuronal phenotypes. Activation of terminal heterotransporters invariably leads to the release of the transmitter specific to the terminal. Heterotransporters are also increasingly reported to exist on neuronal soma/dendrites and nerve terminals, on the basis of morphological experiments. The functions of somatodendritic heterotransporters has been investigated only in a very limited number of cases. Release-regulating GABA heterotransporters of the GAT-1 type exist on Glu nerve terminals in different rodent brain regions including spinal cord. Activation of GABA heterotransporters provokes release of Glu, which takes place by reversal of the Glu homotransporter and by anion channel opening. Interestingly, the release of Glu induced by GABA in spinal cord is dramatically enhanced in a transgenic mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and this effect seems to represent the most precocious mechanism that increases extracellular Glu concentration, reported to occur in the pathomechanism.
- Subjects :
- Genetically modified mouse
Central Nervous System
GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
Neurotransmitter Agents
Amino Acid Transport System X-AG
Central nervous system
Transporter
General Medicine
Anatomy
Biology
Spinal cord
medicine.disease
Phenotype
Cell biology
medicine.anatomical_structure
Axon terminal
Drug Discovery
medicine
Extracellular
Animals
Humans
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Synaptosomes
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15680266
- Volume :
- 6
- Issue :
- 10
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Current topics in medicinal chemistry
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....021450b4a8b85a2fb4b29e989e71f72d