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Impact of interventions on malaria in internally displaced persons along the China–Myanmar border: 2011–2014
- Source :
- Malaria journal, vol 15, iss 1, Zhou, G; Lo, E; Zhong, D; Wang, X; Wang, Y; Malla, S; et al.(2016). Impact of interventions on malaria in internally displaced persons along the China-Myanmar border: 2011-2014. MALARIA JOURNAL, 15. doi: 10.1186/s12936-016-1512-2. UC Irvine: Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0291q2m9, Malaria Journal
- Publisher :
- Springer Nature
-
Abstract
- Background Internally displaced persons (IDP) represent vulnerable populations whose public health conditions merit special attention. In the China–Myanmar border area, human movement and resettlements of IDP can influence malaria transmission. Comparison of disease incidence and vector densities between IDP camps and surrounding local villages allows for better understanding of current epidemiology and to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions in the region. Methods Malaria and vector surveillance was conducted in three IDP camps and three local villages neighbouring the camps along the China–Myanmar border in Myanmar. Clinical malaria cases were collected from seven hospitals/clinics from April 2011 to December 2014. Malaria vector population dynamics were monitored using CDC light traps. The use of malaria preventive measures and information on aid agencies and their activities was obtained through questionnaire surveys. Results Malaria was confirmed in 1832 patients. Of these cases, 85.4 % were Plasmodium vivax and 11.4 % were Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Annual malaria incidence rates were 38.8 and 127.0 cases/1000 person year in IDP camps and local villages, respectively. Older children of 5–14 years had the highest incidence rate in the camps regardless of gender, while male adults had significantly higher incidence rates than females in local villages and females child-bearing age had significantly lower risk to malaria in IDP camps compare to local villages. Seasonal malaria outbreaks were observed both in the IDP camps and in the local villages from May to August 2013. The proportion of P. vivax remained unchanged in local villages but increased by approximately tenfold in IDP camps from 2011 to 2014. Anopheles vector density was tenfold higher in local villages compared to IDP camps (2.0:0.2 females/trap/night). Over 99 % of households in both communities owned bed nets. While long-lasting insecticidal nets accounted for 61 % of nets used in IDPs, nearly all residents of local villages owned regular nets without insecticide-impregnation. There were more active aid agencies in the camps than in local villages. Conclusion Malaria in IDP camps was significantly lower than the surrounding villages through effective control management. The observation of P. vivax outbreaks in the study area highlights the need for increased control efforts. Expansion of malaria intervention strategies in IDP camps to local surrounding villages is critical to malaria control in the border area. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12936-016-1512-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
- Subjects :
- Rural Population
Male
Veterinary medicine
Plasmodium vivax
Prevalence
Vivax
Myanmar
0302 clinical medicine
Surveys and Questionnaires
China-Myanmar border
030212 general & internal medicine
Longitudinal Studies
Malaria, Falciparum
Socioeconomics
Child
Transients and Migrants
education.field_of_study
biology
1. No poverty
Anopheles
Infectious
Middle Aged
3. Good health
China–Myanmar border
Infectious Diseases
Medical Microbiology
Child, Preschool
Public Health and Health Services
Female
Infection
Falciparum
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty
China
Adolescent
030231 tropical medicine
Population
Intervention
Mosquito Vectors
Microbiology
03 medical and health sciences
Young Adult
Rare Diseases
Disease Transmission
Clinical Research
Tropical Medicine
parasitic diseases
Disease Transmission, Infectious
Malaria, Vivax
medicine
Animals
Humans
education
Preschool
Internally displaced persons
business.industry
Research
Public health
Prevention
Infant
Outbreak
biology.organism_classification
medicine.disease
Malaria
Vector-Borne Diseases
Good Health and Well Being
Internally displaced person
Vector (epidemiology)
Communicable Disease Control
Parasitology
business
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14752875
- Volume :
- 15
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Malaria Journal
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....0006a9bd58311b4b40a2b28b11ae9fb2
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1512-2